What is Emerson's style as well as his literary techniques in his essay "Nature"?

In the very beginning, Emerson
personifies Nature:

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Nature says, -- he is my creature, and maugre all
his impertinent griefs, he shall be glad with
me.

This connects humanity
with nature as if we exist as equals, as if we were dependent on one
another.

He uses rhetorical
questions to influence the reader.

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Why should not we also enjoy an original relation
to the universe? Why should not we have a poetry and philosophy of insight and not of
tradition, and a religion by revelation to us, and not the history of
theirs?

These questions
challenge us and encourage us to liken ourselves to generations of the
past.

He uses oxymoron or
great paradox:

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I am glad to the brink of
fear.

Fear doesn't make us
glad or vice versa. But when in Nature, I believe he is expressing that the ultimate
benefit of being there is experiencing emotion at it's greatest
extremes.

He uses simile and
metaphor:

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In the woods too, a man casts off his years,
as the snake his slough, and at what period soever of life,
is always a child. In the woods, is perpetual
youth.

Comparisons like these
are important because when readers can relate to things, they have a greater ability to
grasp what a writer is saying.

Much of the above is in
reference to your question about literary elements. In terms of style, he fits the style
of an essay, but he uses a first person point of view which doesn't always happen in
essays.

What is the theme of "The Storm," by Kate Chopin?

In Chopin's "The Storm," the fulfillment of passion and
desire has a cleansing effect like that of rain on the marriages of the
adulterers. 

Alcee and Calixta, with a history of sexual
encounter, find their passion reawakened when Calixta, scared by the storm, reacts by
moving into Alcee's arms.  The sexual descriptions would have been controversial enough
in Chopin's day, but the approval the story grants to the encounter even more
so.

Instead of her usual grouchiness and condemnation when
her husband and son enter the house after walking through the aftermath of the storm,
Calixta is welcoming and warm, fulfilled by her passion.  Alcee, too, is loving to his
wife, and tells her to stay away on her vacation for longer than planned if she'd like
to.

Alcee's wife, too, finds marriage confining, and her
vacation from her husband is welcome for her, too. 

The
story suggests that not only is adultery not harmful, but it is liberating and
cleansing, and even necessary for a succesful marriage.  The brief adultery is harmless,
and even helpful.

How has Chilingworth changed since Hester last saw him?in chapter eight of The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne

In Chapter VIII of Hawthorne's The Scarlet
Letter, Roger Chillingworth, who has now become physician to the Reverend
Dimmesdale, has been altered much in appearance.  Even with her "fate hanging in the
balance" as the magistrates question little Pearl, Hester cannot help noticing Roger
Chillingworth who whispers something into the ear of the clergyman Dimmesdale.  She is
startled as she discerns such a change in the man:  His features have become uglier, his
complexion seems even darker, and his body misshapen since the days that she had been
married to him.  For a moment, Hester meets his eyes, but must give her attention to the
mischievous Pearl.

The indications of the dark and ugly
changes in the appearance of Roger Chillingworth foreshadow the descent into evil that
his soul will take.  Of note, too, is after he observes Dimmesdale's having given Pearl
a surreptitious kiss, Chillingworth mades an insidious
question,

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Would it be beyond a philosopher's research,
think ye, gentlemen, to analyse that child's nature, and, from it make a mould, to give
a shrewd guess at the
father?

This question
indicates Chillingworth's purpose in becoming Dimmesdale's physician.  He, of course,
wishes to expose Dimmesdale as the father of little Pearl.

I have to write an essay on the significance of the green light being hope for the future and Gatsby's dreamsMy thesis statement is incomplete...

Concerning The Great Gatsby, the
green light at the end of Daisy's dock represents Gatsby's closeness to his dream.  He
can actually see where Daisy lives after five years of dreaming about her.  He spends
time nights just staring at the light. 

I'm not sure what
you mean by the line in your question about Gatsby realizing who Daisy is.  He is in
love with her until the end.  She chooses not to go with him, but his love never
changes.  Even after she chooses Tom and hits Myrtle and lets Gatsby take the blame, he
stays at her house like a peeping Tom to make sure Tom doesn't hurt her.  Then he waits
for a phone call from her the next day. 

Again, the green
light demonstrates how close Gatsby is to his dream.  The light is so close, and yet so
far, as the cliche goes. 

What is the significance of the invasion of Italy?italians surrender to Allies, september 1943

I believe the question relates to invasion of Italy by
Allied forces during World War II.

Axis planes based at
Sicily bombed Allied ships in the Mediterranean, Therefore they wanted to capture Sicily
to make the Mediterranean safe for their ships and to possibly force Italy out of the
war. With this objective Allied forces landed along Sicily's south coast on July 10,
1943.  They engaged in bitter fighting with German troops over rugged terrain for 39
days forcing last Germans to leave Sicily on August 17,
1943.

In the meantime fell from power on July 25, 1943.
Perhaps fall of Sicily contributed substantially to his fall.  Finally Italy surrendered
on September 3, 1943.

However, Germany was determined to
fight the Allies for control of Italy. To counter the Germans, Allied forces landed at
Salerno, Italy, on Sept. 9, 1943.  this was preceded by another Allied force landing
farther south. The German Positions in Italy were well defended and Allies forces had to
struggle in a series of head-on assaults on them. Thus progress of allied forces was
slow, but by early November, they nearly reached Cassino, about 120 kilometres south of
Rome.

In January 1944, the Allies landed troops at Anzio,
west of Cassino, to attempt an attack from behind.  However, it took them four months
and sacrifice of thousands of Allied soldiers to break through German defences. Finally
Rome fell on June 4. Still the Germans held their positions in northern Italy for a long
period, and it was only in May 2, 1945, that German forces in Italy finally
surrendered.

The main impact of all these evens on war was
to secure Mediterranean sea secure for allied forces, and engaging part of Axis forces
in defense of Italy. In a way fall of Mussolini also prevented Italy from collaborating
with Germany. surrender of Italy to allied forces was a blow to the German
morale.

In Act II of Romeo and Juliet, what is an example of forshadowing of more sinister events in Act II? For example when Romeo and Juliet get...

There are many examples.  First, the Friar's opening monolgue is foreshadows bad things that can happen from good. In talking about the qualities of the plants, he mentions that some plants might smell good, but when tasted they can be poisonous.  He says, "For naught so vile that on the earth doth live But to the earth some special good doth give; Nor aught so good but, strain'd from that fair use, Revolts from true birth, stumbling on abuse: Virtue itself turns vice, being misapplied." Act II, scene iii

At the end of the scene, the Friar foreshadows the negative consequences of acting quickly.  He says: "Wisely, and slowly. They stumble that run fast."  Romeo is rushing forward to marry Juliet, but that increases the danger that their marriage will "stumble".

In Act II, scene iv, Mercutio makes a joke about Romeo's love for Rosaline having overpowered him. Mercution says: "Alas, poor Romeo, he is already dead! stabbed with a white wench's black eye."  This joke hints that Romeo will die.  After that, we learn Tybalt has challenged Romeo to a duel. Danger is pending.

These scenes leave the reader feeling unsettled.  Although we should be happy about the marriage, small words and small events (like Tybalt's challenge) keep interfering and making us doubt that happiness can last.

On which pages are there references to the following locations in Maycomb County in To Kill a Mockingbird: The dump, OK cafe, jail, bank, oak...

In To Kill A Mockingbird, Maycomb
County conforms to its own set of rules. It keeps within the law but usurps its
interpretation in order to uphold its prejudiced and unjust views. While Atticus does
everything in his power to ensure justice for the innocent Tom Robinson, he cannot
change the perception of the narrow-minded and hypocritical
"folks."

In discussing some of the places in the story,
there is a "solitary oak" referenced in chapter 6, on page 55, which is in the
schoolyard. Then there is the tree in the Radley's garden. The children are obsessed
with the Radley's place and all the gossip about Boo Radley. Boo begins leaving gifts in
the knot hole of the tree in a desperate attempt to make a connection. There are various
references to it, one of which is in chapter 7, on page 60 when the children find a ball
of grey twine in "our tree."  

The dump is a significant
place in the story as the Ewell family live "on the same plot of land behind the Maycomb
dump" (ch 13, page 131, 1988 ed) and it is Mayella Ewell who has accused Tom of raping
her. Page numbers may vary according to which edition of To Kill A
Mockingbird is being read or studied but the chapters will remain the same.
In a 1988 edition, the Ewell family is first mentioned when Mayella's brother, Burris,
is in Scout's class at school (chapter 3). The reader knows immediately that this family
is desperately poor, with no education (this is Burris's third year in First Grade!),
without a mother and Burris is described by Scout as "the filthiest human..." (page 27).
Mayella's father thinks he is above the law but, because his children will suffer
otherwise, the people of Maycomb County become "blind to the activities" (page 31),
which information foreshadows the tragedy to follow. The dump itself is described in
chapter 17 on page 172 in relation to the Ewell's property, separated only by a
"fence... bits of tree-limbs, broomsticks and tool
shafts..." 

V J Elmore's is the shop with the twirling
baton which Scout has admired for some time (chapter 11, page 104). The children passed
Mrs. Dubose's house on their way. Mrs. Dubose makes cruel and heartless comments to the
children and suggests that Scout will ultimately work at the OK Cafe, "a dim
organization on the north side of the square." The thought  terrifies Scout as its
location is suspect and not a preferred part of town (chapter 11, page
105). 

The bank building is where Atticus has his law
practice, having moved from the courthouse for the quieter location. It is described in
chapter 15, on page 151, in terms of its relevance to Atticus's practice. The jail is
described on page 152 as "the most venerable and hideous of the county's buildings... a
miniature Gothic joke..." The children cross the square because Atticus is not in his
office. It is nighttime and the children should not be out. They stop in the doorway of
the Jitney Jungle, (page 152) the supermarket, and watch some men approach Atticus.
Jitney Jungle is the place where Miss Stephanie pretends that she is going when (in
chapter 17) she wants to go and find out more about Tom's trial.
 

What does Shylock mean in his Act 3, Scene 1 speech ("To bait fish withal... will better the instruction.")?

"To bait fish withal: if it will feed nothing else, 
it will feed my revenge. He hath disgraced me, and 
hindered me half a million; laughed at my losses, 
mocked at my gains, scorned my nation, thwarted my 
bargains, cooled my friends, heated mine 
enemies; and what's his reason? I am a Jew. Hath 
not a Jew eyes? hath not a Jew hands, organs, 
dimensions, senses, affections, passions? fed with 
the same food, hurt with the same weapons, subject 
to the same diseases, healed by the same means, 
warmed and cooled by the same winter and summer, as 
a Christian is? If you prick us, do we not bleed? 
if you tickle us, do we not laugh? if you poison 
us, do we not die? and if you wrong us, shall we not 
revenge? If we are like you in the rest, we will 
resemble you in that. If a Jew wrong a Christian, 
what is his humility? Revenge. If a Christian 
wrong a Jew, what should his sufferance be by 
Christian example? Why, revenge. The villany you 
teach me, I will execute, and it shall go hard but I 
will better the instruction."

Shylock speaks tersely in prose, not verse. He says he really doesn’t care if he has a “use” for Antonio’s flesh (he’ll use it for “bait” if nothing else)—“use” is not the point, as certainly Salarino should understand. Shylock also plays on the word “use” in the sense that as a money lender, he is a usurer, and so in not having use for Antonio’s pound of flesh, taking it becomes pleasure, not business. The pleasure is revenge, which he repeats four times: taking a pound of Antonio’s flesh enables him to get back at Antonio and all Christians for the way they have treated him. Shylock provides a list of his grievances in the form of very strong verbs, all in parallel order: Antonio has “disgraced,” “laughed at,” “mocked,” “scorned,” “thwarted,” “cooled,” and “heated” Shylock “for [he is]a Jew.” He follows this with series of ten rhetorical questions to argue that he, a Jew, is also a human being, having the physical features of a human (eyes, hands organs, dimensions, subject to diseases) as well as the emotional aspects of a human (senses, affections, passions). He then turns to the subject at hand, why he wants Antonio’s pound of flesh: “If you wrong us, shall we not revenge? If we are like you in the rest, we will resemble you in that.” It is human to seek revenge, he suggests; Christians do it and so does he, a Jew.

What was the resolution of An American Tragedy?

The novel is influenced by the philosophy and literary movement called “Realism and Naturalism,” which means that it tries to depict life in an unsentimental way.  It shows characters developing as a result of their circumstances in life so that those who are strong succeed, and those who are not fail or are trampled upon by the strong. “Strength” proceeds from stability in wealth, social position, family ties, and so on. The resolution of the novel is consistent with this. Clyde acquires wealth not by working for it but by circumstance, not understanding responsibility and hard work.  Although he did not in fact murder Roberta, he intended to, and he is eventually electrocuted for a crime he wanted to but did not commit. He dies as he lived, not taking responsibility for his life or death.  His background, poor, destined him for such a miserable end.

What would an essay outline about comparing and contrasting Orlando and Oliver with Duke Senior and Duke Frederick contain for As You Like...

Oliver is Orlando's elder brother. Both are the sons of
late Sir Rowland de Bois. In the very beginning, we find out, in accordance with the
rule of primogeniture in England, which instructs that all the property would be
inherited by the eldest of the family, Orlando gets the possession of the belongings
that his father leaves. Though, he was instructed to take proper care of Orlando, he,
out of jealousy and loath, makes Orlando totally deprived. In fact, when the royal
wrestler Charles is supposed to fight Orlando, Oliver leaps with joy thinking of the
probable death of his brother. But, in Orlando, we find no such cruel feeling or motive.
He is not even confident enough to stand on his own feet. He just flees away in fear of
his brother.
Later in the play, when Oliver is attacked by a lioness in the
forest of Arden, it is Orlando who rescues him. Orlando could have shown abhorrence or
reacted vindictively by not saving Oliver, but he does not do so. Unlike Oliver, he
proves to be a sensible brother and a good-natured human. And, at this point, his valour
is also expressed.
Another notable point is that, Orlando's character develops
gradually with the help of Ganymede, whereas Oliver's character faces a sudden change in
the forest of Arden which is very miraculous.
The difference between the two
brothers has clearly been depicted in the play, where Shakespeare's portrayal of Orlando
is almost a mirror image of Oliver.
Oliver and Orlando are the sons of Sir
Rowland De Boys. Both have a blood relationship but desire nothing but the blood of each
other. The are bitter enemies, be it in monetary or social terms. Similarly, the Dukes
also have a strong hatred towards each other. Even here, monetary terms(estate and
kingdom) comes into play.
A very interesting thing is felt at the end. Both
the villains - Oliver and Duke Fredrick, renunciate public and courtly life and prefer
to live in the forest, ceding all their property to their brothers.
The
nobility between Orlando and Duke Senior is also similar although the Duke has a feeling
of pride in him.
These are the basic points ..... Hope it helps
!!!

Could someone find 2 quotes from Act 3 from Danforth (see below for more details)1. When he is questioning mary, and says something about telling...

The second quote you are looking for is actually in Act III. Danforth says, 

             "Now hear me and beguile yourselves no more. I will not receive a single plea for pardon or postponement. Them that will not confess will hang. Twelve are already executed; the names these seven are given out, and the village expects to see them die this morning."

He goes on talking about God's law and the fact that if they were to postpone, people might question the executions that have already happened.

Why is poetry considered to be the most important knowledge of the Romantic period?

Since Romanticism stresses the importance of intuition and
emotion over the rational process, poetry is the best expression of the individual's
experience in the world, along with the individual's interpretations of this
experience.

With poetry, believed to be the highest form of
literature for the Romantic, the writer can most easily communicate his/her individual
expression as well as the concept of the "sublime," a thrilling experience that
unifies awe, magnificence, and horror. 

Such Romantic poets
as William Wordsworth, John Keats, William Blake, and Percy Bysshe Shelley, George
Gordon, Lord Byron, Samuel Taylor Coleridge of England; and Victor Hugo, Alphonse de la
Martine, and Charles Baudelaire of France; Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Ralph Waldo
Emerson, and William Cullen Bryant of America clearly demonstrate the poetry that
emphasizes intuition over reason, and the pastoral over the urban; in addition, poetry
provides him the freedom of using a new language over the traditional forms.  Poetry,
for the Romantics was not a framed canvas as is a novel; rather, it was a tableau on
which they could paint in a much freer manner, expressing themselves in unconventional
ways.

Please explain some of the symbolism in "The Pit and the Pendulum."

This story is full of symbolism.  One could view the entire story as one man's descent into hell (the pit functions as a symbol obviously), then his progression into purgatory (the pendulum serving as a way to pass time or work off his sins), and then finally his ascension into heaven (the French soldiers freeing him symbolic of heaven by the sudden light shining into the gloom and the sound of horns heralding his release).

What was Hamlet's overall behavior toward Polonius?

In Shakespeare's Hamlet, Hamlet seems
to be an excellent judge of character, and he finds Polonius wanting of
any.

He is flippant and sarcastic and insulting when
dealing with Polonius.  He is also grotesque with his imagery when talking to or about
Polonius.

For instance, in Act 2.2 Hamlet enters the stage
reading a book.  Polonius quickly urges Claudius and Gertrude off the stage so that he
can "board" Hamlet, approach him and determine if his theory of why Hamlet is mad is
accurate.

Repeatedly in the work, others think they can
"play" Hamlet, so to speak.  They think they can talk to him and manipulate him and
determine his motivations, etc.  Polonius tries this
here.

Hamlet plays Polonius instead, figuratively disarming
him with his opening remark:

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...you are a fishmonger.  (Act
2.2.173)

When Polonius denies
this, Hamlet answers that then he wishes Polonius were as honest man, for honest men are
as one in 10,000 in the world.  This seems to be an indication that Hamlet knows
Polonius is, in a sense, spying on him, and seems to be a verbal slam against Polonius
for attempting to do so.

Hamlet then changes the subject
again, twice in one sentence, actually, while, apparently, reading from the book he is
carrying:

For
if the sun breed maggots in a dead dog, being a god kissing carrion--Have you a
daughter?  (Act
2.2.180-181)

This is an
allusion, I believe, to the scientific observation and mistaken belief that maggots
could spring to life out of the carcasses of dead things.  The grotesque imagery is
intended as a reflection on Polonius, of course.

Hamlet
then proceeds to insult Polonius's daughter, supposedly summarize nasty things the book
he is reading says about old men (which Polonius is), and tell Polonius, when Polonius
says he will take his leave from Hamlet, that there is nothing Hamlet would rather part
with.

In short, Hamlet's behavior toward Polonius is
insulting and provocative.  And what Hamlet thinks of Polonius can be seen in numerous
instances in the play, but perhaps no where better than where he tells Claudius the
location of Polonius's body:

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Not where he eats, but where a' is eaten.  A
certain convocation of politic worms ar e'en at him.  (Act
4.3.19,20)

I need help explaining this quote from the Miller's Tale.'Now, John, my dear,/My excellent host, swear on your honour here/ Not to repeat a...

As the previous person suggested, the conversation is
between Nicholas, the boarder, and John, the homeowner and old husband to the young and
beautiful Allsion. The plot is correct in which Nicholas and Allison want to engage in
adult activities obviously without John's knowledge.

The
quote itself stems from Nicholas' role in instigating actions that will lead to he and
Allison engaging in the adult activities.

Remember that the
time period and situation in England allows for pretty much anything to be done in the
name of Christ or God. Therefore, because Nicholas uses "Christ" it will assure John
that the issue at hand is "for real!"

The explanation of
the quote is as follows...

"Now John...honour here" = by
addressing him by name, the speaker is being respectful and showing the listener that he
thinks highly of him; then of course he (Nicholas) uses compliments to gain the
attention of John and even goes so far as to ask him to put his honor on the line -
which is a basis for the Code of Chivalry.

"Not to repeat a
syllable ...Shall fall upon you."= Nicholas then tells John not to repeat anything about
the issue at hand (which is going to be Nicholas' prediction of a great flood in the
meterological forecast) but not because Nicholas says, but because Jesus Christ says
(remember, this makes everything more believable due to the "intensity of Christianity
and its press on society").

"You'll be driven mad" = To go
against what Christ says will cause John to be persecuted, tortured, or to "pay for his
sin" which Nicholas tells him is going to be
insanity.

Obviously the role of this quote is to convince
John to abide by the plan that Nicholas (who is a credible source because of his
"scholarly background" and who had been "faking" intense mental breakdown in his room
prior to this conversation).

John then
replies,

"Christ and...lad" = basically John swears to God
and Christ that he will not say anything about the issue at hand because that is what
God wants.

"I'm not given to gab." = John states that he
doesn't gossip or really talk to anyone about random
issues.

"Say what...harrowed hell" = John reiterates to
Nicholas that he can tell him anything he wants, because John will not repeat it to
anyone, man, woman or even child of God/Jesus who basically died for every Christian on
the cross (harrowed hell - took the worst punishment for others
sins).

In Of Mice and Men, what type of friendship do Lennie and George have?

The friendship that George and Lennie have in the novel
Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck is a relationship of
inter-dependence. Each has qualities that the other one needs, and each has frailties
that the other friend helps out with. For example, although Lennie is
learning-challenged, he is big and strong. George is cleverer and capable, but smaller
and slighter in build. The best way they can get the ranch work so vital in America's
Great Depression is to sell themselves as a team. George is responsible for the
travelling and the hiring - he can sell Lennie's gifts (strength, stamina etc.) Lennie
provides the brawn and the muscle that ranch owners need. Through this inter-dependent
relationship they have built up an eccentric friendship--but for now, it
works.

Why do we sympathize with Macbeth?Please include some quotes.

Do we?  Ok, I guess Shakespeare does do a very complete job in order to create some sympathy for Macbeth.  To start, Macbeth himself knows that his murderous intentions are not correct.  He asks the universe to cover up his desire for the crown:

Stars, hide your fires/let not light see my black and deep desires.

He wrestles with the decision after Lady Macbeth has pushed him to do it, listing Duncan's virtues:

Besides, this Duncan/Hath borne his faculties so meek, hath been/So clear in his great office, that his virtues/Will plead like angels, trumpet-tongued, against/The deep damnation of his taking-off

And by admitting that it his own ambition that is leading him to do this:

I have no spur/To prick the sides of my intent, but only
Vaulting ambition

Then we see Macbeth taken in by Lady Macbeth's very convincing arguments.  Shakespeare shows that Macbeth doesn't decide to kill the king, but only gives in to her demands. 

The Shakespeare shows Macbeth's remorse after Duncan has been murdered:

I'll go no more:
I am afraid to think what I have done;
Look on't again I dare not.

And again after the killing of Banquo, when he is so troubled by the sight of Banquo's ghost:

or be alive again,
And dare me to the desert with thy sword;

And finally at the end, Macbeth tells us that his actions were not worth it:

Life's but a walking shadow; a poor player,
That struts and frets his hour upon the stage,
And then is heard no more

What is " a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing"?

"Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player, That struts and frets his hour upon the stage, And then is heard no more.  It is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing."

Macbeth has just heard the news of his wife's death (suicide), and is voicing the pointlessness of existence (his and his wife's, at this point).

What was your reaction to the surprise ending?

 I do believe that inside each one of us there is that feeling of showing off. Thus, in many cases of our life experience we mistake reality for appearance. This surprise ending comes to awaken us, to shock us, to tell us that nothing in the world equals a moment of being honest to ourselves. This ending teaches us also to plan for our dreams and not to run after our tricky ambitions. Happiness never built upon deception; deception of ourselves and of others and that achieving our goals by ignoring others' can not result in self-satification. On the contrary, it leads to miseries that Mme and Mr Loisel. This ending also lays stress on the role of the community in shaping or adapting its individuals' ambitions. I think if Mme Loisel had found in herband a wise character she might have been convinced to go to the party without that damned necklace and their life might have been changed to better instead of spending ten years in utmost suffering thinking ridiculously thinking they are heroes!!!!!! 

Do the images of witches contribute to the evil atmosphere in Macbeth?

The Witches or the Weird Sisters certainly contribute to the evil atmosphere in the play. But not in its entirety.

The Elizabethans always believed in the existence of the Witches and therefore, when Shakeseare wrote the play, he was only keeping in mind the requirements of his audience, like any other playwright.

However, when we come to think of it in a different perpective, the actions that the witches caused were indeed, quite evil. The prohpecies made by the Witches accelerated an already scheming-mind in Macbeth, and led him to do what ultimately kills him in the end. Moreover, we must also understand that you cannot make a person do something, if he hasnt already been thinking about doing it sub-consciously. Macbeth obviously had very big dreams, that of being the King of Scotland one day, which is why when he heard the Witches prophecies, he saw an outlet from which his dreams could actually come true. This, along with the deep influence of his unscrupolous wife, led him to the timely murders, ths earning him the name of a 'tyrant' and a 'dwarfish theif' who is unable to fit into a 'giat's robe' by his once-adoring and admiring public.

There are several other factors that contribute to the evil facets in the play. The atmosphere itself, was quite dark, gloomy and mysterious. The daylight did not bring any new hope, and continued to contribute to the gloomy theme of the play. The unnatural incidents that occur, may also be considered reponsible.

Were the Viet Cong right to see Americans "merely as successors to the French" Why or Why not?

From the standpoint of Vietnamese history,
I'm afraid they were right. Not that we intended to remain there
permanently, or to run their government and country like the Chinese and French had. 
But we were in the way of their civil war, as the French had been before us.  The war
between South and North Vietnam was simply a continuation of a war which had been going
on for two centuries.

The state of Dai Viet was set up by a
renegade Chinese general in 213 BC, establishing his base in what became Hanoi.  Just
after 200 BC the Chinese invaded, beginning an occupation which lasted until the
mid-10th century.  In that thousand-plus year war neither the lowland Vietnamese (of
Chinese origin) nor the other ethnic groups ever accepted China's rule.  The war
continued from generation to generation until they drove out the
Chinese.

The northern (ethnic Chinese) Vietnamese people
kept up their own war of conquest against the mountain peoples and the kingdoms to the
South, expanding their control into the Central Highlands and to the southern tip of
what became known as Indochina.  They also fought wars with the Khmer, Thai and Lao
kingdoms.  Eventually Vietnam was in area much the same as today, and a unified
country.  Unfortunately, soon (1776) a civil war began between the Trinh family in the
north and the Nguyens in the south.  The Nguyen established their dynasty and built the
imperial capital of Hue, but the civil war never really ended until
1975.

The French arrived and took over, but never
established the degree of control they had in other colonies.  The civil war between the
north and south bubbled along under the surface.  The Japanese came, and then the US
Army sent a military training mission from the Office of Strategic Services in 1945. 
They trained and led the Viet Minh, a new army raised by a history professor named
Giap.  When the war ended later in 1945, Lord Mountbatten (Allied commander in the CBI
theatre) decided to use the Japanese troops as police instead of disarming them, and to
back the French in their re-seizure of the country.  The OSS team at first led the Viet
Minh against the French, but were withdrawn and the US allowed our allies to reestablish
their colonial control.

Giap, of course, became the head of
the People's Army of Viet Nam (PAVN) under the political leadership of Ho Chi Minh, who
asked the American government for recognition and support of a national government.  The
emperor, Bao Dai, abdicated in favor of Ho, but the French brought him back as a
puppet.  The fact that we allowed this to happen was ultimately disastrous.  Ho's real
name was Nguyen That Thanh, and he was a relative of Bao Dai, who was a
Nguyen.

What are your emotions during this story?What did it make you think? and what did you sense during this story? this is just a thing for...

Throughout the story, the reader senses the weakness of
character in Gabriel.  When Lily, the caretaker's daughter whom he knew as a child and
"used to sit on the lowest step" with her, replies to his questions about her boyfriend
with bitterness, Gabriel cannot even retort.  He avoids any confrontation; when Molly
Ivors accuses him of being a "West Briton," he again squirts the issue. Even with his
wife, who is distraught, he only wants to make love to her rather than talking with her
about her feelings.

Gabriel is repugnant as a lifeless,
weak man.  He lacks the passion that the true Irish have as represented in Molly Ivors. 
He is what is called "the tragic Irish." spiritually and emotionally
paralyzed.

What action does Caesar refuse to take just before he is murdered? How would you describe his behavior in refusing?

Caesar seems very annoyed that these men are fawning all over him concerning this one request. to readmit Publius, whom he had banished, to Rome. I think he distrusts “These couchings and these  lowly courtesies” displayed by these men who ask this of him. Caesar goes on to characterize the supplications of Metellus and the rest as “sweet words, / Low-crooked curtsies, and base spaniel fawning” (3.1 48-49). He asserts he banished Publius for a purpose (and we don’t know what that is), and will not reverse it based on such behavior of these men, which he seems to find embarrassing. While it is true he compares himself to a star to describe and valorize his constancy, we can also understand that as a leader he is trying to be fair rather than play favorites with his friends. Does he lack compassion? Probably. Does he act like a strong leader? Definitely. He says (paraphrasing this passage), “give me good reason and I’ll think about it, otherwise I won’t change my mind” (39-79).

What does finsterwallies mean in Maniac Magee?

If you are the unfortunate victim of a "finsterwallie," a bully has pushed you, much against your will, onto the property of the feared Finsterwald's.  Rumor has it that the inhabitants will kill any intruder who dares set foot on their private property. 

The legend of Maniac Magee revolves around the Finsterwalds.  It was said that he went into the backyard and never returned. The speculation about what became of him grew and grew:  some claimed he was eaten, others that the whole story was made up and that "Maniac Magee" never even existed.  Those who are the "shov-ees" rather than the "shov-ers" would prefer not to have to find out.  Nobody, but nobody, wanted a "finsterwallie"!   

In Harrison Bergeron, why does George choose to not remove some birdshot from the canvas bag around his neck to lighten his load? When he is...

George does not remove some of the pellets from the fourty seven pound bag of bird-shot around his neck while he is at home because the thought really doesn't occur to him. Even if the thought did occur to him it would be driven from his mind almost immediately by the mental handicap he was given by Diana Moon Glampers, the Handicapper General. The reason the thought never occurs to him is because this is the society in which they live. The rules of the society are simple, everyone must be equal in every way. In order to make George equally strong as every other person, he must bear the burden of the 47 pound bag. These various handicaps are cultural norms in this society, like shaking hands to greet someone or saying, "Excuse me," when you burp, the handicaps are automatic and George even says when Hazel offers to let their equality slide so he can rest that he doesn't even notice the bag anymore because it's become such a part of him.

In Twilight, Billy Black is supposed to be paralysed. How come he can drive if hes in a wheelchair?

Billy doesn't drive, Jacob drives him around. In chapter
twelve of Twilight, Billy and Jacob visit Charlie and Bella. When
they get out of the car, Jacob had been driving Billy around. Charlie, being a police
officer, comments on the fact that Jacob, who is underage, is driving. Jacob counters
with a lie that they get permits early on the reservation. Charlie lets it go, because
Billy says, "I have to get around somehow." Since Billy is in a wheelchair, Jacob drives
him around, even though Jacob doesn't officially have his driver's license
yet. 

In the book King Solomon's Mines, what are the main characteristics of the character Allan Quatermain?

Quatermain is one of the good guys in the story. He and his companions represent the side of good in the "good vs. evil" conflict. Based on the belief that humans live in a violent world, Quatermain feels men must live by a strict moral code, behaving honorably, bravely, and justly. He doesn't kill except in self-defense. He respects integrity, honesty, and bravery in other men, so he shows these same traits as well. He is a hero in a world that struggles against violent forces.

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Why is Elizabeth so anxious to distrust Mr. Darcy and to trust Mr. Wickham?Please give me a full answer. I need it today.

Very interesting question. You may find it very useful to
know that originally Jane Austen wanted to call this novel First
Impressions, which obviously places far more emphasis on one of the key
themes of the novel - the extent to which we make judgements based on first impressions.
Another key element of the novel, as highlighted by the title we have now, is the
prejudice that Lizzie displays in her quickness to judge Mr. Darcy, and write him off as
an arrogant man.

Of course, the first sight we have of
Darcy is that of a very proud, disagreable man. In the assembly ball, he refuses to
dance with anyone except women of his "class", is harshly judgemental about the beauty
of Lizzie and so we, like the Bennets, agree with Mrs. Bennet´s assessment of the
man:

"...for
he is a most disagreeable, horrid man, not at all worth pleasing. So high and so
conceited that there was no enduring him! He walked here, and he walked there, fancying
himself so very great!"

Of
course, as Lizzie goes on to discover through the course of the novel, this exterior to
Darcy reveals the sensitive, caring, compassionate and honourable man underneath. But it
is important to see how the author is playing with us as she plays with her characters
in their assumptions. Mr. Wickham, when he is introduced, is featured as the exact
opposite of Mr. Darcy - they are foils of each other:

readability="9">

His appearance was greatly in his favour; he had
all the best part of beauty, a fine countenance, a good figure, and a very pleasing
address.

Thus we can see why
all the characters are so easily taken in by Mr. Wickham´s appearance, and because of
our first introduction to Mr Darcy we, like the characters, are more than willing to
believe Mr. Wickham´s fabricated account of how Darcy disinherited him. As Lizzie later
comments once she knows the truth of their
characters:

readability="6">

One has got all the goodness, and the other all
the appearance of it.

Of
course, the message is clear - Jane Austen is challenging us just as much as her
characters to not go by first impressions and to look deeper, witholding judgement until
we have more evidence. This is a lesson that Lizzie Bennet painfully learns, enabling
her to marry her true love by the end of the novel.

Why is the story of Troy and the Trojan horse contained in Hamlet’s recitation to the players?the question is in act 2 scene 2.

In addition to, or perhaps as enrichment of, cybil's answer above, we might add that Hamlet is filled to the brim with sons avenging the murder of their fathers. The play begins with discussion in Act I, scene 1, about why Denmark is preparing for war.  And the reason given is in part that "Young Fortinbras" is out to avenge the death in combat of his father who died at the hands of Hamlet's father.  Later we can contrast the urgent forcefulness of Laertes in his desire for instant revenge against whomever is responsible for the death of his father Polonius. Initially, Laertes reenters the court thinking Claudias is to blame in Act IV, scene 5, until Claudias convinces him that Hamlet was responsible, which is true enough.  But what matters is the urgency, the need for action of these other sons.  For instance, Laertes tells the Queen, when she urges him to be calm over the death of his father: "That drop of blood that's calm proclaims me bastard, Cries cuckold to my father, brands the harlot Even here between the chaste unsmirched brow Of my true mother" (IV.v.117).  In more conventional language: If I am not filled with rage at this outrage [if I try to be calm] then I am NOT my father's true son; ergo, I must be a bastard [someone else's son] and my father must be a cuckold [a man whose wife cheated on him, also a fool] and my mother must be a harlot, whore, unfaithful wife--which she is not!  

And as discussed earlier, we now add in the Play within the Play, yet another son who takes direct action is seeking revenge for the death of his father.  The point of course is to contrast Hamlet's inaction, often called the problem of Hamlet, with the more forceful actions of these other characters.  

At the end of chapter 11, Roger pushes Jack aside to descend on the bound twins "as one who wielded a nameless authority." Focusing on this...

In Chapter Eleven of Lord of the
Flies, the reader witnesses the results of freedom from the restraints of a
civilized society:  "Jack, knowing this was the crisis, charged too."  Whereas in
Chapter Four, Roger has been restrained in his sadistic intents of harming little Henry
by the seashore by his conditioning from his British society, he has now been released
long enough from "the taboo of the old life" that he gives free rein to his innate
brutality and wields his "nameless authority."  It is at this point in the narrative
that anarchy truly reigns.

So, if Jack is a dictator, Roger
is an anarchist.  Without the controls available to most dictators, such as others who
can assist him in his control, Jack's leadership gives way to the anarchist, Roger, who
has been waiting, waiting for the moment when he can unleash his sadism.  No longer is
the one restraint that has held Roger--"a civilization that knew nothing of him and was
in ruins"--present to control him.  He edges past the chief [Jack], "only just avoiding
pushing him with his shoulder..." He realizes that he is the strongest, and he shoulders
his way to the metaphoric top.

What are the climax and resolution of Lord of the Flies?

The climax can be defined in two ways. First, it can be the turning point in the action where the conflict begins to resolve itself, either positively or negatively. Second, it can be the high point of the action, the final and most exciting event in a series of events. The shattering of the conch and the death of Piggy is the event that meets both definitions in Lord of the Flies. Up until the point where Piggy dies, Ralph still believes he can reason with Jack, that there is a hope of re-establishing order and civilization on the island. He has come to Jack's base to "call an assembly" and to confront Jack about stealing Piggy's glasses. When the conch, the symbol of rules, authority, and civilization, smashes to bits, every hope Ralph has had is demolished as well. Without Piggy's assistance, Jack is significantly weakened; he has been having cloudy thinking, and Piggy has had to remind him several times of the goal of fire and rescue. Certainly this event is the high point of the action. It even occurs at the high point of the island. The tension of the near-blind Piggy clinging frantically to the rock ledge while Roger pummels him with rocks is nail-biting. When he falls to his death, it's all downhill (literally and figuratively) from there. Samneric get captured, leaving Ralph on his own to run and hide for survival, which seems unlikely with the fire raging across the island. 

The resolution of the conflict occurs when the naval captain appears on the beach and talks to first Ralph and the other boys. His remark that "I should have thought that a pack of British boys . . . would have been able to put up a better show than that" drives home the resolution of the conflict. Ralph has been unable to maintain civilized society on the island; order has failed, chaos has triumphed. Golding spares us the horror of the natural end the conflict would have produced by having the boys "rescued" just in time. Yet we also know that the outside world itself is wracked with nuclear war, so the boys' rescue is ironic, and the resolution of the triumph of savagery over civilization stands. 

In Chapter 9 of The Time of the Butterflies, what is a powerful quotation and why?

The chapter concludes with: “A dark night was falling, one of a different order from the soft, large, kind ones of childhood under the anacahuita tree, Papa parceling out futures and Mama fussing at this drinking.  This one was something else, the center of hell maybe, the premonition of which made Dede draw closer to Jaimito until she, too, fell asleep.”  This is important because it refers back to Dede’s story in Chapter One, which talks about the time before “the darkness” fell, the time when things were still good, characterized by the family sitting outside, under the anacahuita tree,  talking about the future, just a little conscious but not overly worried about the stranglehold Trujillo held over the country. In this present scene Dede is frightened because the SIM have arrested many in her family, and her own marriage almost broke up, although now she feels somewhat safe lying in bed next to her husband. In bed next to him she feels a moment of safety that she knows is not safe at all, because she realizes the extent of the revolution, is afraid of the events that will inevitably happen, and she feels helpless to hold back the terrifying future.

What is your opinion of the way the united states ended its involvement in Vietnam. And explain.Opinion question

Once we had gotten to the point where we were in 1973,
there was no good way to proceed in Vietnam.  I do not see what Nixon could have done
that would have been any better.

By that time, it was clear
that we could not win this war.  Our military was doing fine, but the political
situation was completely unwinnable.  So our choice was to try to stay forever and prop
up the South Vietnamese government, or to get out.

I think
that the way we got out was tragic.  Perhaps we should have done more for the people who
had been on our side.  But staying was not the answer and once we decided to get out,
there was no way out that was going to be good.

What is the plot of the story?

Dad and Momma, as the Watson children call their parents, are determined to raise respectful, well-behaved children who make good choices and possess high moral standards. Realizing they have been unable to instill fully their standards in their oldest child, Dad and Momma decide to take By to Birmingham and leave him with his Grandma Sands, a strong woman who will bring him to his senses. They know there is some violence in the South with the beginnings of the Civil Rights Movement, but have been assured by Grandma Sands that it is quiet around her.

In Birmingham, Grandma Sands meets them with arms open wide and a home filled with love for her daughter and family. By's only recollection of Grandma Sands is when he was four years old, and he has convinced Kenny and their kindergarten sister, Joetta, that she is a mean old woman. Kenny and Joetta have never met her prior to their visit in the summer of 1963, and By's description of Grandma Sands has scared Kenny. Kenny and By both take her measure and decide By can easily take this mean old woman down.

Kenny and his family have gone to Birmingham just as the violence moves into Grandma Sands neighborhood. First, Kenny nearly drowns and By saves him, then the nearby Baptist Church is bombed on Sunday morning. In the remainder of the story, Kenny must deal with his emotions that are tangled up with the "Wool Pooh" he meets first in his near drowning experience and then a second time in the bombed church.

In the short story, "The Lottery," why should the lottery not be continued? Discuss this. Give evidence/quotes from the story.I need around 4...

Aside from the barbarity of "The Lottery," where a member
of the community is chosen at random and then murdered--stoned to death--there are other
clues that the ancient ritual has run its course. We can assume that the lottery was
originally instituted as a form of sacrifice for plentiful rain and good crops, but no
one seems to know when--or even why--it began. It is merely a ritual that has continued
despite the people who "half-listened" and were "disengaged" with the formalities. There
is apparently little need for such sacrifice. In the opening sentence of the story we
find that

The
morning of June 27th was clear and sunny, with the fresh warmth of a summer day; the
flowers were blossoming profusely and the grass was richly
green.

Since the climate is
already perfect for farming and planting, why indeed is there a need for human sacrifice
for good weather? 

Other nearby communities have already
considered stopping the practice, and a few people voice concern about the fate that
awaits their neighbors. The lottery has simply become a ritual with little purpose other
than to maintain a tradition that has continued for many generations. Like the burning
of witches at the stake, the lottery has become outdated and its victims are innocent
choices of random selection.

Why is the beach an important symbol and what does it represent in Lord of the Flies?

In Lord of the Flies, the reader is introduced to Ralph and Piggy as they climb through creepers and tree branches until they can reach the shore of the lagoon. From there, they can survey the area and the narrator notes that the beach is "endless apparently." Behind the boys lies "the darkness of the forest" creating a stark contrast with the "bright" beach where Ralph "swept a double armful of sand...with bright, excited eyes." The beach therefore has the capacity to symbolize the endless possibilities or infinite potential of the island. The beach is between the sea from which rescue will come and the forest and jungle which hold many shadows and secrets and which will ultimately create an irrational fear of the beast in the boys.

When Ralph blows the conch for the first time, the boys congregate on the beach and it is interesting that Jack's party of boys is described as "a creature" as they (it) emerge(s) from "mirage onto clear sand." It is as if, away from the beach, Jack and his hunters can transform themselves but the beach exposes them for what they are, which is just a group of choir boys.  

The beach is one of the settings in the story along with the forest and jungle, the mountain and Castle Rock. Each of these has a unique backdrop which is significant and contributes to the understanding and flow of the story. The conch shell is found in the water at the beach and therefore ties the beach to its own symbolism as it represents good order and democracy. The boys build shelters on the beach and chapter 3 is entitled "Huts on the Beach." The shelters give the boys a feeling of "Home" and the beach and the swimming create unity rather than division and are "just sufficient to being them together again." Later, Jack will form his own separate tribe and in chapter 8, he will run away along the beach "until he dived into the forest..." His leaving the beach in favor of the forest signifies the end of any attempts at unity. 

By the end of the novel, Ralph has been hiding away in the undergrowth, in fear of his life and he stumbles onto the beach in his desperate attempts to survive. This is where he encounters the naval officer and it signifies the end of Ralph's terror. A motor boat is on the beach and as the other boys appear, the naval officer perceives a group of boys having "fun and games." The beach has exposed the boys as simply that although Ralph's responses indicate something far more sinister. 

which of the following statements best reflects Rosenthal's purpose in writing the essay? a. He wants to mock the visitors who can't stomach the...

I assume that you are asking about A. M. Rosenthal's essay
"No News from Auschwitz."  If so, I would say that the correct answer is
C.

The whole point of the essay, in my opinion, is that
somehow people have forgotten what has happened at the death camp.  It was the scene of
such horror but now people are not really treating it like it is anything
special.

I think that he is saying that this is not how
things should be.  Auschwitz should not just be some place where the trees are green and
children play.  It should be a place where there is somewhere to pray and people do
really think about what has happened there.

How many types of points of view are there in the narrative in "Thank You Ma'am" by Langston Hughes?

In my opinion, the narrator in this story is a third
person narrator, but one who is omniscient.  The narrator does not always make use of
his (or her) omniscience, but he is able to use it at
times.

The narrator is clearly a third person because the
story is not told from the point of view of anyone who actually takes part in the events
that happen.  The narrator does not say, "And then I grabbed her purse..." or anything
like that.

The narrator is omniscient because he knows what
the characters are thinking.  He knows, for example, that Roger wants Mrs. Jones to
trust him.

So I suppose you could say the narrator is
limited at times (when he just says what is happening) but is omniscient at others (when
he says what a character is thinking.

What is the plot fo "The Invalid's Story"? What is the climax, the falling action and resolution?

This is a humorous story that deals with both mortality and human ingenuity - and how that ingenuity can get in the way.  Twain was known for his belief that the human brain could be a dangerous object.  In this story, the narrator and the expressman, Thompson, are intelligent enough to connect the smell of the cheese to the smell of the rotting corpse.  Of course, that connection is inaccurate.  They are intelligent enough to come up with ideas to battle the smell.  Of course, each idea they have actually makes the smell worse.  They are intelligent enough to know that staying out on the platform is unhealthy.  Of course, they make a decision that it is better to stay out there than to suffer the smell of the cheese.  The climax of the story is the decision to remain outside, because it is that decision that leads to their downfall.  They have caused their own mortality in their conviction that they are better off cold than dealing with the smell.  The falling action of the story is short and involves only the removal of the two men from the platform and the sickness that follows for the narrator.  The resolution of the story is the death of the narrator - although he doesn't actually die before the end of the narration, he lets readers know that he is going home to die.

What was the scariest part of Goodman Brown's nightmare?

I'm not sure if you're asking what is the scariest part of the story for Goodman Brown or what's the scariest part for the reader. If you're asking the latter question, that is certainly a personal question only you could answer. It would depend on what scares you. Remember, Goodman Brown isn't sure that his night in the forest really happened or if he dreamed it. He allows that night, whether real or a nightmare, to change his life forever.

If you're asking what the scariest part was for Goodman Brown, I would say it was when he saw his wife going to the devil's meeting in the forest. At the beginning, Goodman believes his wife is an "angel" and is one of the few who will be chosen to go to heaven. When he sees Faith, his wife, in the forest, it changes his life forever. Goodman Brown loses his Puritan faith and never gets it back. He lives the remainder of his life alienated from his wife and the rest of the people. In this respect, he becomes the symbolism of Hawthorne's belief in the isolation of the human spirit. Goodman Brown resists evil and retains his faith, but he loses all hope, living isolated from everyone.

What do you think was author Lewis Carroll's purpose in writing Alice's Adventures in Wonderland?

Lewis Carroll himself identified his purpose as simply to entertain a young girl, Alice Liddell who was the daughter of the Dean of Christ Church College.  He told this story to Alice and her two sisters during an outing, and for years later, Alice begged him to write it down.  Others read it, and encouraged him to publish the fairy tale.

Since that time, critics have analyzed and re-analyzed Carroll's fantastical creatures, plot, and language, and have develop multiple meanings. Many critics agree that the story is a subconcious reaction to the strict Victorian time period. 

Who assists Romeo and Juliet in their secret love, and is this right to do so?William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet

In Romeo and Juliet, the Nurse and
Friar Laurence assist Romeo and Juliet in their love relationship. At the feast for
Juliet, the Nurse speaks to the Montagues and tells Romeo who Juliet is,
adding,

I
tell you, he that can lay hold of her

Shall have the
chinks. (I,v,111-112)

Later,
she reveals to Juliet the identity of Romeo, but hurries her home.  After Romeo has
received Juliet's promise of love from the Nurse in Act II, he talks with the Nurse,
telling her to instruct Juliet to come to the cell of Friar Laurence where they will be
wed; the Nurse dissembles for her by saying that Juliet has gone to make her
confession. Later, after Romeo weds Juliet, he visits her chamber where they consummate
their marriage while the Nurse keeps watch for Lady
Capulet.

While the Nurse is probably in indigent relative
given a position in the Capulet home, as was customary in the fourteenth century, she
certainly should be loyal to this family.  So, knowing of the attraction that Juliet has
for Romeo, the Nurse is blantantly disloyal to Lord and Lady Capulet by not informing
them.  Clearly, she oversteps her position when she conspires with Juliet to arrange the
wedding at Friar's Laurence's cell.

Similarly, Friar
Laurence is complicit with Romeo and Juliet.  He performs the marriage ceremony for them
without notifying the parents;he sends Romeo to Mantua after he is banished with
instructions that he will notify Romeo when it is safe for him to return; he contrives
the fatal plan of having Juliet seem dead so that she will not have to marry Paris; this
plan is made also so that parents will be overjoyed when she revives.  Unfortunately,
his plans go awry when a plague strikes Mantua and the friar's servant Balthasar cannot
reach Romeo.  The friar also abandons Juliet in the tomb as she revives from the potion
he has given her.

As a friar, Friar Laurence has taken vows
which remove him from the temporal world.  For him to be deceitful to the Montagues and
Capulets and marry the lovers secretly is clearly wrong.  His interference with the
lives of these two is surely beyond the boundaries of his vows.  And, his failure to
reveal to the parents what has transpired is deceitful and wrong.  It is also tragically
wrong that he runs from Juliet when she regains consciousness in the
tomb.   

How does Napoleon show his disapproval of Snowball's plan to build the windmill in Animal Farm?

In Ch.5 we read how Snowball with a lot of painstaking
effort worked out the details of the plan for his
windmill:

readability="14">

Snowball used as his study a shed which had once
been used for incubators and had a smooth wooden floor, suitable for drawing on. He was
closeted there for hours at a time. With his books held open by a stone, and with a
piece of chalk gripped between the knuckles of his trotter, he would move rapidly to and
fro, drawing in line after line and uttering little whimpers of excitement. Gradually
the plans grew into a complicated mass of cranks and cog-wheels, covering more than half
the floor,which the other animals found completely unintelligible but very
impressive.

However, Napoleon
who was jealous of Snowball and whom he had always considered to be a threat to his
position disapproved of Snowball's plan to build the
windmill:

Only
Napoleon held aloof. He had declared himself against the windmill from the
start.

He expressed his
disapproval in an obnoxious manner by urinating over Snowball's intricately drawn out
plans for the windmill:

readability="14">

One day, however, he [Snowball] arrived
unexpectedly to examine the plans. He walked heavily round the shed, looked closely at
every detail of the plans and snuffed at them once or twice, then stood for a little
while contemplating them out of the corner of his eye; then
suddenly he lifted his leg, urinated over the plans, and walked out without uttering a
word.

What is the meaning of the last line of the play, "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf"?

Martha is afraid of Virginia Woolf - George, Nick, and Honey are not necessarily afraid of Virginia Woolf, just tired of dealing with Martha's behaviours due to her unsubstantiated fear - absurd - illusionary, and maybe deluded - alcohol abuse must be considered as a factor in Martha's behaviours.

Virginia Woolf is a very intellectual author - a pioneer of the literary term and device referred to as stream of consciousness. The author has license to enter into the characters thoughts and reveal them to the reader/audience.

For whatever reason - existentialism/absurdity, Martha is afraid of Virginia Woolf. As anyone with a borderline personality disorder does so does Martha draw attention to herself in anyway that she can - an imaginary son - George exorcises her illusion... does he - probably not but he does by tolerating Martha's belief purge the pent-up emotions of Nick and Honey when they reveal that they are unhappy because they were married for reasons other than true love.

So, when George asks Martha who is afraid of Virginia Woolf and Martha says that she is - the game will continue.

I know that the Great Gatsby has numerous uses of irony but I am looking for a specific quote that demonstrates irony. Can you help?

Here's another for you.  In Chapter 8, Nick (speaking to Gatsby, then internally) even tells the reader that he is speaking ironically:

“You’re worth the whole damn bunch put together.” I’ve always been glad I said that. It was the only compliment I ever gave him, because I disapproved of him from beginning to end."  First he nodded politely, and then his face broke into that radiant and understanding smile, as if we’d been in ecstatic cahoots on that fact all the time.

Furthermore, you might consider the title itself as ironic.  Gatsby is hardly great in any way; even his wealth is ill-gotten. 

In To Kill a Mockingbird, why does Calpurnia speak differently at her church than she does with the children in their home?What is Lee illustrating...

In To Kill a Mockingbird, Calpurnia is one of the fortunate African Americans in Maycomb County in that she is able to read.  She also works for Atticus Finch, a lawyer and single father who treats Calpurnia as if she was one of the family.  As such, she speaks much like the members of the Finch family when she is there.  However, while she is with the members of her own community, Calpurnia uses the dialect of her people so that she will be more readily accepted.  She does not want her people, especially members of her church, to think that she is under the impression that she is better than them because of the way they speak.  It is a matter of assimilation on Calpurnia's part so that she will be accepted in both communities.

1930s sports

If you are talking about sports in the United States
during this time, sports was a very big deal in those days, just as it is today. 
However, the hierarchy of what sports were big deals back then was a bit different than
it is today.

First of all, baseball still ruled the US
sports scene.  You have to remember that in these days, baseball was segregated so there
were the white leagues (what we now call the Major Leagues) and there was the Negro
League.)

Second, college football was much, much bigger
than the NFL during those days.  The NFL did exist, but college football was way more
popular.

Third, basketball was really not very popular as a
spectator sport in those days.  The NCAA tournament, which is such a big thing now, was
not even created until 1939.  The NBA did not exist yet
either.

Finally, boxing was a much bigger deal in those
days, as was horse racing.

What does the death of Curly teach Buck in The Call of the Wild?

When Curly dies, Buck gets his second important lesson in
how to survive in this wilder environment that he has been put
in.

When Curly dies, it is because she was knocked off her
feet.  Once she was down, all the dogs of the pack jumped on her and she was soon
dead.

So what Buck learns from that is a pretty obvious
lesson, right?  That dog died when she got knocked down, so don't get
knocked off your feet when you are in a
fight.

This lesson will come in handy later,
especially when Buck fights Spitz for control of the team.

What happened to Daisy Mae?

Daisy Mae is Sonny's pet cat. Sonny lets her out of the
house one night, hears screeching tires, and later finds out that someone has run over
the cat and killed her. Elsie brings the cat's body into the house. She is all bloody,
with broken bones. Sonny buries her in a shoe box in the back yard. Later, he realizes
that the same people who had shot at his dad and put the bullet hole in the window and
wall of the Hickham's house were probably the same people who had purposefully run over
and killed Daisy Mae. Sonny's friends vow to help him find out who did this to poor
Daisy Mae, but they get caught up in the excitement of the science fair in Bluefield and
forget about the incident for awhile.

In Tale of Two Cities Book II reflect on Darnay's decision to go to Fance. Does it seem believable?Is he fully aware of the danger he is in ?

This part of the novel comes in Chapter 24 in Book II,
entitled "Drawn to the Loadstone Rock". Darnay receives a letter which is actually for
him in his former identity as being the Evremonde heir. This letter narrates the
desperate position that his servant, Gabelle, is in, after following his orders. He is
trapped in prison and likely to be executed for his upper-class associations. Gabelle
writes:

For
the love of Heaven, of justice, of generosity, of the honour of your noble name, I
supplicate you, Monsieur heretofore the Marquis, to succour and release me. My fault is,
that I have been true to you. Oh Monsieur heretofore the Marquis, I pray you be you true
to me!

These words of a
servant whose only crime was "fidelity" to himself and his family stirs Darnay into
remembrance of how he left France suddenly without tidying up all the loose
ends:

He knew
he ought to have systematically worked it out and supervised it, and that he had meant
to do it, and that it had never been
done.

Darnay therefore feels
a huge amount of guilt at the imprisonment of his servant, who he feels responsible for.
The text continues to say that he is well aware that the property of nobles in France
was being confiscated and destroyed and "there very names were blotting out", and so it
appears he is well aware of the danger. However, he goes on to reason, he himself is not
responsible for any oppression or cruely. Indeed, Gabelle was looking after the estate
with explicit written instructions to help the people as much as possible. Dickens
concludes:

readability="7">

This favoured the desperate resolution that
Charles Darnay had begun to make, that he would go to
Paris.

Thus Darnay does seem
to be aware of the danger, however, one must ask why the resolution he makes to go to
Paris is described as "desperate" - is Darnay slightly naive in believing that, even
though he had good intentions, he will not be in trouble because of his noble descent?
Or is he the kind of man that thinks so well of everyone else that he could not
contemplate such injustice? This part of the story does show what kind of a man Darnay
is: good, honourable and seeking to help others, even at risk to his own
life.

In Chapter 2, how does Harper Lee use the school setting to give the reader important exposition about Southern culture?

Lee cleverly uses the character of Miss Caroline as an outsider's perspective to show readers a full picture of Maycomb, and through Maycomb, Southern culture.  Seeing Miss Caroline interact with the kids is like looking through a television or at a picture.  Her misunderstandings help Scout as narrator to better explain her world.

For example, Miss Caroline tries hard to discipline the Ewell boy and to bring him in as a part of the class.  This allows Scout to explain that the Ewell's don't go to school and that the school accepts this.  She also explains the nature of the Ewell family.  Readers understand that part of the Southern culture includes both poverty and ignorance, people trapped into past behaviors who are unwilling to expand their horizons and change their ways.  The situation with Walter Cunningham shows also demonstrates the past.  Walter is a victim of poverty.  Walter's father uses the barter system, which is accepted by the town members, in order to pay his bills.  This situation also demonstrates Southern pride.  Walter is proud and honest.  He can not pay back the quarter Miss Caroline tries to lend him and so refuses to accept it.

Overall, Miss Caroline is pitied by the children because she doesn't understand the culture of Maycomb - which proves how important culture and tradition are in Southern communities.

Why does Rufus like both Dana and Alice in "Kindred"?

Well, on the level of plot and symbolism, Rufus likes them both because they are related. This gives Dana a direct stake in what's happening in her past (rather than just being a sort of confused spectator).  Physically, they look similar, so it is fair to say that Rufus has a type. 

On a deeper emotional level, he likes both of them for some of the same reasons he gets angry at them at times: because there is something deep in their hearts and minds that challenges him, that makes him want to be, in the words of a contemporary movie, a better man, and something that he wants to conquer and possess.

What are some facts about No Child Left behind? & the information of it? How long ago Did it start?

No Child Left Behind was establishing in response to
parents concerns about the education system.  It correlates with IDEA which addresses
the laws for special education.  The idea behind NCLB was that American teachers would
be held accountable for student’s scores.  Every student was expected to score at a 100%
after a five year period.

Each year the scores that were
expected from students were raised.  In the beginning a school system may have oly had
to have 60% pass the End of grade and End of Course tests.  By the fifth year all
students were expected to have passed.

Even students with
low IQ's were suddenly being tested on the same material as the general education
students.  Their passing is also relative to accountability.  The changes required
students receiving special education to be taught grade level material regardless of
their cognitive ability.  In addition, if they had to learn basic skills they were to be
taught them.

It all sounded real good except, try teaching
a child who has the intelligence of a seven year old and can not add and subtract
algebra.

What does Lady Macbeth mean when she says: "to beguile the time, look like the time, bear welcome in your eye, your hand, your tongue: look like...

Lady Macbeth utters these words in Act 1, Scene 5. This is
the scene in which she counsels her husband, Macbeth, on how he should behave when they
welcome king Duncan and his crew. What she specifically wants Macbeth to do is to come
across as a pleasant and welcoming host when the King arrives because doing so will not
reveal Macbeth's true intention, which is to kill the King and take the
throne.

Now, let us take a look at the quote, so that we
can examine the words more closely:

readability="13">

 Your face, my thane, is as a book where
men
 May read strange matters. To beguile the time,
 Look like the
time; bear welcome in your eye,
 Your hand, your tongue: look like the
innocent flower,
 But be the serpent
under't.

By saying that
Macbeth's face is like "a book where men may read strange matters," Lady Macbeth implies
that the King and his company may be able to discern Macbeth's real thoughts. Therefore,
she advises him to "look like the time" if he is to "beguile the time." What this means
is -- Lady Macbeth suggests that her husband must demonstrate the ability to conduct
himself as others expect him to despite his "black and deep desires." He must appear
"like the innocent flower," ready to protect his King and be his loyal subject.

This scene is very significant because it marks the
beginning of Macbeth's unscrupulousness and tyranny. Once he kills the King, he becomes
eager to kill anyone who could potentially stand in his way.

What are some similes used by Scout in To Kill a Mockingbird and to what do they refer?Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird

In describing the sick, addicted, and dying Mrs. Dubose,
to whom Jem has been given the assignment by Atticus of reading each afternoon, Scout
employs original similes, to say the least:

readability="8">

She was horrible.  Her face was the color of a
dirty pillowcase, and the corner of her mouth glistened with wet, which inched
like a glacier down the deep grooves enclosing her
chin.

 notices
that Mrs. Dubose's corrections of Jem have become fewer and fewer.  And, something has
happened, for only her head and shoulders are visible above her covers.  As her head
moves from side to side, Scout sees saliva collecting on her
lips:

Her
mouth seemed to have a private existence of its own.  It worked separate and apart from
the rest of her, out and in, like a clam hole at low
tide.

Occasionally it would say, "Pt,"
like some viscous substance coming to a
boil.

How does Aunt Alexandra react to her brother's defeat? What does it show you about her? (Chapter 22)

Atticus' defeat gives us all an opportunity to understand Alexandra as more than the strict aunt who is absorbed with her family's social standing and with Scout growing up to be a proper lady. She shows empathy, compassion, and respect for her brother; in fact, she calls him "brother," something she doesn't do often. She shows concern for Jem's worry and sorrow over the defeat, asking if he is alright. Later, at the tea party with her mission group, Alexandra, we learn seems to see through their hypocrisy every bit as much as the narrator, Scout.

Who discovered the first anti-biotic and what was it?

The first antibacterial substance that can be considered
as a limited-spectrum antibiotic was Salvarsan and it was
discovered in 1910, by the German physician and chemist Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915).
Salvarsan was a medicine meant to cure syphilis, which was very prevalent at that
time.

Salvarsan was followed, in 1928, by the epochal
discovery of Penicillin, by Alexander
Fleming, who noted that secretion of green mold "Penicillium notatum
(Penicillium chrysogenum) destroys bacteria colony from the
laboratory.

Another finding which is worth mentioning is
the discovery in 1935 of sulphonamides, by Gerhard Domagk, who is not an antibiotic,
being not bactericidal but only bacteriostatic.  It follows the discovery of a series of
antibiotics as streptomycin, tetracycline, etc.

Why does Piggy conclude that no one will know where they are?

Early in the first chapter of Lord of the
Flies, Ralph seems unconcerned about being rescued since he has so much faith
in his father, who is a commander in the British navy. "When he gets leave, he'll come
here and rescue us," Ralph tells Piggy. But Piggy is more
realistic.

readability="13">

"How does he know we're
here?"
Because, thought Ralph, because, because...
"They'd tell him
at the airport."
Piggy shook his head...
"Not them. Didn't you hear
what the pilot said? About the atom bomb. They're all dead...
"They're all
dead," said Piggy, "an' this is an island. Nobody don't know we're here. Your dad don't
know. Nobody don't know--
"We may stay here till we
die."

Piggy is under the
misapprehension that the atom bomb has killed many (if not all) of the British troops
and sailors. Despite this misunderstanding--and his bad grammar--he is aware that no one
could possibly know the boys have survived and are stranded on the island. He expects to
be there a long time.

What is Carlos' epiphany at the end of "The Doll Queen"?

Carlos Fuentes writes "The Doll Queen" in magical realism
as a symbolist short story of the grotesque literature genre. Magical realism is a Latin
American originated style movement that features a blurring between the boundaries of
reality and fantasy: what seems like a realistic story in a realistic setting and time,
with realistic characters will suddenly take on qualities attributed to magic, folk
lore, and/or legend. This blending of of realism and magicalism is seen in "The Doll
Queen" when Amilamia suddenly appears as a disfigured individual confined to a
wheelchair while her child-sized coffin is on display in the other
room.

The ultimate meaning of "The Doll Queen" is that
cutting one's self off from one's past, or more specifically for Carlos the hero, from
his primitive, intuitive, emotional, Indian past leaves one stunted and dwindled in
development, misshapen, and grotesque. It is the ancient side of self that can provide
one's name, and only Amilamia gives the narrator a name, a name that is rejected just as
she is rejected as the narrator runs away. Cutting one's self off from one's past cuts
one off from one's self as well.

What are the three omens in Chapter 6 of The Pigman? What does Lorraine think they mean?

The three omens that Lorraine thinks she sees at the zoo
are the lady selling peanuts, the peacock, and the kid sitting outside the vampire bat
exhibit. She thinks the omens are saying that bad things are going to happen as a result
of their involvement with the Pigman.

The first omen is a
woman selling peanuts. Lorraine goes up to her and asks for four bags. The lady is very
rude and antagonistic - Lorraine says, "You could tell she hated kids - just hated
them." To Lorraine, that is the first omen, and she wishes she and John had "left right
on the spot."

The second omen is when she is "attacked" by
a peacock. A large white peacock opens up its feathers and starts dancing in front of
her when she opens her first bag of peanuts. Frightened, Lorraine backs up against a
fence, and she is not reassured when the Pigman just grins and tells her, "Just offer it
a peanut...He likes you. Ha, ha."

The third omen occurs in
the nocturnal room of the Mammal Building. Lorraine "almost (goes) into shock" when she
gets a good look at the vampire bats, who are shown with accompanying pictures of a
couple of them "sucking the blood out of a horse's neck." The creepiest part about the
exhibit, for Lorraine, however, the part that she considers to be an omen, is a child
that is sitting in front of the bat cage. The little boy isn't looking at the bats; he
is "looking at you when you (come) to look at the bats," smirking.
The kid makes Lorraine feel uneasy, as if she is a bat in the cage and he is on the
outside looking at her (Chapter 6).

What is the significance of Bianca's character in Othello?

Bianca is Cassio's mistress in Shakespeare's Othello. Although Cassio is married (the only reference to this occurs at the beginning of the play, when Iago describes Cassio as "a fellow almost damned in a fair wife" (1.1.21)), audiences come to understand that he is having an affair with Bianca on the island of Cyprus. 

With regard to the play's plot, Bianca functions to call Michael Cassio's credibility into question.  Though Cassio is relatively respectful to Bianca, we see evidence that he doesn't take her seriously.  As Othello watches from his hiding spot, he watches Iago question Cassio about Bianca (although Othello thinks they're talking about Desdemona), and Cassio laughs when Iago asks if he plans to marry Bianca.  When she shows up, she throws Desdemona's handkerchief, which Iago had planed in Cassio's room, at Cassio, and Othello sees it. 

Logistically, Cassio's plans with Bianca in Act 5 allow Iago and Roderigo to attack him, as they know he is having dinner with her late at night.  After the plot to kill Cassio goes sour, Iago, in the presence of the Cyprus officials, accuses Bianca of being a whore and tries to implicate her in the attack.  Obviously, though, the truth comes out at the end of the play.

In reference to Macbeth, what would it mean for the play if Lady Macbeth were the third murderer in Act III?

Since Lady Macbeth is not identified as the third murderer
in Shakespeare's Macbeth, and since the only way she could be the
third murderer is to be portrayed as such by a production of the play, and since Lady
Macbeth being the third murderer makes no logical sense, it would mean that some
director and actors took some silly liberties in interpreting the
play. 

Or, if you're asking what it would have done for the
play had Shakespeare written in Lady Macbeth as the third murderer,
the answer to that is that it would show Shakespeare isn't as good as we think he
is.

You see, Lady Macbeth can't even kill the king, because
the sleeping Duncan reminds her of her father.  If she can't kill Duncan, she certainly
isn't going to attempt to kill Fleance.  Plus, by this time in the play Lady Macbeth has
been shut out of the decision-making process.  She doesn't even appear to know about the
murders until after they occur.

Finally, Lady Macbeth makes
plans that work.  She is the planner of the family.  Duncan's assassination comes off
with no problems, until Macbeth varies the plan and kills the grooms.  The plan to kill
Banquo and Fleance fails, and the plan was ill advised in the first place.  Lady Macbeth
would not have devised this plan. 

When George ask why Whitey quit, what does the swamper, Candy, give him?no

Just because.  Candy says that Whitey picked up his check and moved on - gave a couple token excuses, but just wanted to move on down the road.

These men are part of a pretty transient society always looking for the greener grass.  It was pretty common for them to move from job to job for no reason other than to just keep moving.  This is actually in stark contrast to Lennie and George who wish to stay in one place for a while to build up a stake but have to keep moving on because of the bad things that Lenny does.

What special features of the "Elegy" made it so popular?

The poem was Thomas Gray's most influential poem, and has earned him respect as a poet of the time.  The poem is relatively simple, describing a country churhyard at sunset, and calling to mind the mortality of all human beings in the study of the graves being examined.

One of the main reasons it is as popular as it is revolves around the fact that it centers not on popular or heroic figures of the time, but on the common man.  Gray connects the common to the extraordinary man in death, thereby connecting all humans to one another because we are all mortal.

In addition, Gray demonstrates a mixing of two very distinct literary periods.  The poem was written at the end of the Augustan Age and at the beginning of the Romantic period, and the poem has characteristics associated with both literary periods. On the one hand, it has the ordered, balanced phrasing and rational sentiments of Neoclassical poetry. Using heroic quatrains, four line stanzas with an abab rhyme scheme, keeps the poem on the balanced and traditional level.

On the other hand, it tends toward the emotionalism and individualism of the Romantic poets.  Natural imagery of the smallest type is used, references to birds and bettles and such.  In using this style, Gray idealizes and elevates the common man.

What were some of the things that influenced Billy Collins' works?

Billy Collins has reported that he was influenced by the "contemporary" poets he was able to read in Poetry magazine growing up, people like Karl Shapiro, Howard Nemerov and Reed Whittemore. Along with them, he credits the movement and spirit of the cultural group the "Beats", or Beat Generation, from the late 1950's and early 1960's. This generation of people and writers valued spontaneity and open emotion, as well as a struggle against social conformity. They fought against organized religion and organized schooling, and are often referred to as the inspiration for the "hippies".

Besides those modern influences, Collins also reports that he wanted to be a newer Wallace Stevens, one of the first modernist poets. Stevens emphasized consciousness in his poetry, and wrote with little attention to conformed styles. Instead, he used obscure allusions and and attention to emotion.

From Julius Caesar, explain the two changes in the conspirators' plan recommended by Brutus?

After Brutus allows the conspirators into his house in Act
2, Scene 1, he almost immediately begins asserting his opinion on how the assassination
should be carried out (even though he is the last to join the group). First, Brutus
orders the others to come forward and shake hands with him.  Cassius suggests not simply
shaking hands but also swearing an oath to one another, and Brutus quickly
replies,

readability="6">

"No, not an oath"
(2.1.115).

Brutus goes on to
explain that if the times they are living in are not enough to keep them faithful to
their cause then they should just forget about the plan and go back to
bed.

Brutus's second change is that the group should not
include the respected, older senator, Cicero.  While Metellus believes that Cicero's
involvement in their plan would strengthen their support after the assassination, Brutus
does not want to tell Cicero of their plot because Cicero will not follow what other men
have initiated.  He is too much of a leader to do so.

The
most significant part of the planning that Brutus changes is to not kill Antony along
with Caesar.  The other conspirators believe that Antony will be too strong a force to
be reckoned with if they let him live, but Brutus argues
that

"Our
course will seem too bloody, Caius Cassius, / To cut the head off and then hack the
limbs, / Like wrath in death and envy afterwards, / For Antony is but a limb of Caesar"
(2.1.164-167).

His words
demonstrate that he is concerned about their reputations after the assassination and
that he thinks that Antony will be powerless after his head (Caesar) is removed.  This
decision on Brutus's part is, of course, pivotal in the play's
action.

What readers should note from this scene is that
Brutus disagrees with virtually every suggestion made by Cassius.  Cassius, once the
plot's ringleader, relinquishes leadership to Brutus, and in doing so, seals his own
fate.

"Tom and Daisy might treat Gatsby in a despicable manner, but Gatsby is responsible for his own destruction." To what extent do u agree/disagree?To...

Concerning the issue you ask about in The Great
Gatsby, arguing absolutely, either way, is difficult.  The novel, like most
high quality, sophisticated fiction, is ambiguous.  The book isn't a good guy and bad
guy kind of book.  Characters, like actual people, are mixtures of good and bad traits
in the novel. 

Tom tells Wilson that Gatsby owns the car
that hits Myrtle.  Wilson kills Gatsby.  Tom is guilty.  But it's not that
simple. 

Tom likely doesn't know that Daisy was actually
driving the car.  Daisy doesn't confess to him.  Daisy guilty.  But it's not that
simple. 

Gatsby plays a part in Daisy not telling Tom, and
Gatsby certainly doesn't blame her.  He lurks outside of her house all night in order to
protect her from Tom.  He still loves her.  Is Gatsby guilty of his own
murder? 

One could go on and on in this way.  You could
argue that Wilson pulls the trigger, so he and he alone is responsible.  Tom and Daisy
certainly couldn't be charged with Gatsby's murder.  They didn't put Wilson up to
it. 

And Gatsby's illusion is Gatsby's illusion.  Is Daisy
supposed to lie and pretend that she never loved Tom just to fulfill Gatsby's
illusion? Gatsby tries to recapture a past that never was.  He is on a quest that is
doomed to fail.  Yet, does that mean that he causes his own
destruction? 

In short, I suggest that your question is
unanswerable.  I suggest that to answer your question is to simplify an ambiguous novel
that, in terms of its ambiguity, accurately reflects
life.

But, I know you have an assignment to do, so, if I
had to, I'd go with Gatsby causing his own downfall.  Though he, like others in the
novel, is a victim of Tom and Daisy, he is the foolish one who chases after a dream that
never was.  Daisy never loved him the way that he loves her.  And when it comes down to
it, he isn't satisfied with having Daisy love him now, in the book's present.  She does
love him and is ready to choose him.  But that isn't enough.  He has to maintain the
illusion that their love is something special, that it is never ending, and that Daisy
always loved him and never loved Tom.  As Daisy tells him:  he asks too
much. 

Gatsby causes his own downfall.  There, I've
perjured myself for you.  Hope it helps!