Examine Lear's mental conditionact 1 scene 4 to act 3 scene 4

Some critics believe that Lear in mad as the play begins.
 Why else would he divide up his kingdom?  Why else would he wrest authority away, to
his children?  Why else would he devise a silly love contest in his kingdom's allotment?
 If not mad, these acts are certainly foolish.

His age
doesn't help.  Lear is old for that time.  Senility and dementia are common for anyone
that age, not to mention the added pressure of being King.  Stress can ravage a
body.

We certainly have a correlation here: a divided
kingdom equals a divided mind.  Any king who divides his kingdom is asking for problems,
suffering, and unruliness.  Worse, any father who divides his love between his children
is setting himself and them up to fail.  And any father or king who enacts a contest to
determine awards is certainly asking for the worst in human behavior.  Greed and
ingratitude soon rear their ugly heads.

Casting away a
child (Cordelia) and a trusted advisor (Kent) will cause a detachment from reality.
 Compound this with two selfish forces (Regan and Goneril) competing for land and Lear
serves up a recipe for mental anguish.  Critic Laurence Stern
wrote:

readability="10">

Nobody, but he who has felt it, can conceive
what a plaguing thing it is to have a man's mind torn asunder by two projects of equal
strength, both obstinately pulling in a contrary direction at the same
time.

So it is with Lear.
 Love and competition for love tear his mind into madness.  He cannot reconcile the two.
 His madness is a retreat from reality, a kind of denial of reality.  He cannot accept
the fear that his daughters and subjects do no love him.  He fears they may only want
from him.

R. Moore, in his essay "Madness in King
Lear," says:

readability="10">

Several things attribute to Lear's eventual
madness. The Fool, initially, plays a large part in pointing out to the King his foolish
mistakes. Even before the onset of Lear's madness, the Fool is anticipating
it:

readability="6">

thou hast pared thy wit o'both sides, and left
nothing i' the
middle.
(I.iv.194-95)

readability="17">

Lear's gradual realization of the disloyalty of
his two elder daughters also leads him to anticipate his oncoming madness. Reproaching
himself for his blindness, he says of himself, "Either his notion weakens, his
discernings/ Are lethargied," (I.iv.236-37) and later, ". . . let thy folly in,/ And thy
dear judgement out!" (I.iv.280-81) It is Lear's reaction to Goneril's refusal to house
him together with his whole retinue that marks the first real premonition of his
madness, and the Fool suggests that it is his lack of wisdom, which accompanied his old
age, that will be the cause of it.

What is the significance of this quote, and how does it revealHale's character? “Let you not mistake your own duty as I mistook my own. I came...

Engaging in religion can be as sinful as maintaining a
heathen or pagan lifestyle. Even in our society today, churches and mosques and
synagogues are filled with people who go through the motions of religion in order to
satisfy a particular longing of theirs to just do it as if it is necessary to check a
mark off the list.

Hale performed the duties of his
ministry with pride and thought himself to be quite the intellectual as did the people
he served. However, somewhere along the line, TRUTH caught hold of him. This happens for
people in many faiths. They do it in the beginning because someone else encouraged them
to. But at some point, there comes a defining moment wherein the whole-heartedly choose
the life of the faith, which relies more on the faith, and not the ritual of the
religion.

Hale could not escape the conviction in John
Proctor. This man would not lie to save his life because he was trying to do right by
God. I think as Hale looked at himself, he probably would have lied in John Proctor's
shoes. This moved Hale to watch a common man so set in relationship or faith as opposed
to ritual.

What is the exposition of "The Tell-Tale Heart" by Edgar Allen Poe?

Narratology is the discipline that studies the structure and function of a narrative. "Exposition" is an element of structure within the the study of narratology. For the sake of clarity, "narrative" is anything that offers or presents a story with a sequence of events in which characters are involved. Thus the three of the indispensable elements of narrative structure are: (1) events, (2) chronological/cause-and-effect sequence of events, (3) characters who are (i) agents causing events or (ii) victims effected by events or (iii) beneficiaries who are benefited by events. Some other indispensable elements of narrative structure are narrator's voice and narrator's point of view (these are referred to collectively as "narrative mode"). There are several theories of narrative structure. One commonly taught in school is Freitag's Pyramid structure of narrative. Bear in mind however that Freitag's is not the only theory of narrative structure.

In Freitag's Pyramid (also called "Triangle") theory of narrative structure, the initial element of structure is called "exposition"; other structural elements follow while exposition is the initial element. What this means is that the exposition, in Freitag's Pyramid model, is the first thing the reader/listener learns in the narrative. There are two qualifications to this. The first qualification is that since narrative is defined as events-sequencing-characters, many things can offer narrative, including but not limited to billboard signs, advertisements in magazines, comic strips or comic books, true-life adventures (or misadventures) and news reports of natural disasters, think, for example, of the narrative followed by the reports of the 2011 Japanese tsunami and nuclear power plant meltdown. The second qualification is that Modernist and Postmodernist writers seek intentionally to undermine these narrative elements [scramble them up], especially chronological sequencing.

Knowing that these qualifications to narrative exist and that there are a number of theories of narrative besides Freitag's, the Pyramid offers exposition as the first step in narrative structure. What is exposition and how is it applicable to "The Tell-Tale Heart" by the genius of creepiness, Edgar Allen Poe? Exposition is the introductory material of a narrative, or story, in which the principle characters are introduced and in which the "backstory" or background information of the story is presented. The function of the exposition to to orient the reader/listener/viewer to the who and what of the story about to be told. The exposition can be complicated in some stories such as those that begin in medias res, in mid-event, because, in these, the backstory and introductory material may be delayed until after the immediate problem is resolved. For example, if a story starts during a Western shoot-out between Sheriff and bad guys, the exposition's introductory and backstory material will be delayed until after the shoot-out is settled.

In "Tell-Tale Heart," the exposition is spread out over the first three paragraphs and is complicated because it begins with a "frame" that complicates the chronological sequencing of the events. A "frame" is a story told in present, in the "now" of the story, about events that happened in the past, in the "then" of the story. In "Tell-Tale Heart," the narrator starts by questioning some unknown listener (not us) about why he is thought by the listener to be "mad" or insane. The rest of the paragraph adds to the introduction of this principle character, who doubles as the first-person narrator, and tells us about his personality traits: nervous yet calmly narrating, acute sensory perception, not mad. The second paragraph tells the backstory about the old man who "had never wronged" him, but whose eye was an offense, and introduces the conflict: "I made up my mind to take the life of the old man, and thus rid myself of the eye forever." The third paragraph gives the implied setting: the house that the narrator and the old man share: "And every night, about midnight, I turned the latch of his door and opened it."

Thus we have from the exposition of "The Tell-Tale Heart," in the three opening paragraphs, the (1) principle characters, the (2) chronological sequencing within a frame story (a story told from within another story: e.g., I'm not mad: let me tell you a story to prove it.), the (3) setting, the (4) conflict integral to developing the plot and the (4) background story, or backstory.

Interactive Explanation of Exposition

Cached PPT presentation with Freitag's Pyramid Exposition

How did George and Lennie meet?Thank you for answering my question!

George and Lennie met as a result of George originally meeting and getting to know Lennie's Aunt Clara. She was the woman who devoted a part of her life to rearing Lennie. Upon her death, George Milton became the guardian of Lennie, as his protector, as Lennie is of limited mental acuity.

Lennie’s full name in this novel by writer John Steinbeck is Lennie Small, the last name a literary device that is indicative of how the world sees Lennie as concerns his mental ability, but not how they see him physically, as he is of great strength.

George, through knowing Lennie’s Aunt Clara, came to know Lennie and agreed to take on the responsibility of caring for Lennie upon her death. Lennie and George have been friends since childhood. Later in life, this leads to George and Lennie traversing California in search of better job (and overall life) prospects. They dream of living peacefully and working off the land together – a quiet, humble life that is not to be for Lennie, and ultimately, maybe not even George when all is said and done in his life.

What are three character or personality traits for Kira, Thomas, and Matt in Gathering Blue?

Kira is resourceful--although she is crippled, she finds ways to make herself useful even as a child, gathering cloth scraps from the looms. She is hard-working, a constant help to her mother and a tireless weaver. She is compassionate, as shown in her concern for her mother and for Jo.

Matt is energetic and courageous, which he proves by daring to venture into the unknown to find "blue". He is also intensely loyal, which he proves by protecting Kira's things after her mother's death.

Thomas is intelligent and observant. He knows his way through the Edifice's maze-like interior, and is not afraid to consider ideas outside the norm. He is also deeply artistic, and notes that the more he works on the singer's staff, the farther he feels from his "gift".

How would one define the relationships in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night?

Many different relationships
can be found in Twelfth Night. Some of those relationships include
friendships and false
friendships, and there is even an antagonizer-victim
relationship that gets flipped
around.

Maria proves to have somewhat of
a friendship with Sir Toby, even though she shows she
greatly disapproves of his behavior. We especially see their friendship in their
interactions in Act 1, Scene 2 as well as other scenes in
which they plan and execute the prank against Malvolio. Even though Maria scolds him,
warning that Olivia is very offended by his behavior, their friendly
banter shows their friendship. Act 1, Scene 2 also shows
Sir Toby's friendship with Sir Andrew, which proves to be a
false friendship. We already see it being implied that Toby
has only brought Andrew into the house to court Olivia because Toby wants to
take advantage of Andrew's money, which we see when Maria
asks why he brought such a fool as Sir Andrew into the house and one of Toby's replies
is, "Why, he has three thousand ducats a year," showing us just how interested Toby is
in Andrew's money (I.iii.20). Later, Toby's false friendliness to Andrew is exposed when
Toby declares what he really thinks of Andrew, "Will you help an ass-head, and a
coxcomb, and a knave? a thin-faced knave, a gull?" (V.i.212-13).

The
antagonizer-victim relationship is first shown
in Malvolio's antagonism of the other characters, such as
insulting Feste's abilities as a court jester and getting on the other characters'
nerves for being such a self-righteous "Puritan" (II.iii.129) and telling Sir Toby he
should leave the house if he wishes to continue his disorderly drinking. But the other
characters turn the tables on this relationship and
become the antagonizers while Malvolio becomes their victim
through their prank.

One type of
relationship found in Twelfth Night is
the love triangle. There are actually two
different love triangles found in Twelfth Night. Typically, a love
triangle usually involves two people who are in love with the same person; however,
there can be variations on the theme, just so long as all three
people have some sort of
relationship amongst each
other. 

The first love
triangle involves Duke Orsino, Olivia, and
Cesario. Duke Orsino believes he is in love with Olivia, but Olivia falls
in love with Viola, who is pretending to be Cesario. Meanwhile, Viola also falls in love
with Orsino, which completes the triangle. The unrequited love in this triangle
functions as the main conflict in the play. The resolution
occurs when Olivia mistakes Sebastian for Cesario and marries him instead; the
resolution further occurs when Orsino learns that Cesario is truly a woman named Viola
and decides to marry her instead. We especially see the resolution developed in the
final scene. Sebastian remarks on the advantage of Olivia having married Sebastian
rather than the real Cesario, pointing out that had she married Cesario, Olivia "would
have been contracted to a maid" (V.i.271). Furthermore, as soon as Orsino learns
Cesario's real identity, he makes the decision to join in on the happy moment by wanting
Viola for his wife instead of Olivia, as we see in his lines, "If this be so, as yet the
glass seems true, / I shall have a share in this most happy wreck"
(275-76). 

The fact that Olivia marries Sebastian instead brings us to
the second love triangle in the play. Olivia is in love
with Cesario, who rejects her because Cesario is actually a woman. Meanwhile, Olivia
meets Sebastian, who falls in love with Olivia immediately, forming the third corner of
the love triangle.

What is the main theme of the book The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie?

I feel Miss Brodie's betrayal to her students, to her school, and to the profession of teaching is the main theme. She chooses her six favorite students and openly lets the other students know they are her favorites. Her abuse of Mary is inexcusable, especially because Miss Brodie starts it. She openly attacks and breaks the school's rules and policies. By her own example of her actions and words, Miss Brodie teaches her students betrayal and distrust.

Sources:

like
0


dislike
1

Aside from formatting, what marks the border between concrete poetry and nonsense poetry and distinguishes them from each other?

Concrete, or visual, poetry forms a shape from the words,
and the shape adds to the meaning of the poem. Shaping poetry to enhance its meaning has
its first precursors in Alexandria in the third and second centuries
B.C.

Nonsense poetry is a fun frolic with words that may or
may not get somewhere on the road to meaning. A perfect example is Lewis Carroll's
"Jabberwocky": "All mimsy were the borogoves, / And the mome raths outgrabe." Though
some contend to find meaning in "mome raths outgrabe," for all intents and purposes, the
words remain meaningless nonsense.

The border, then,
between concrete poetry and nonsense poetry is the level of meaning that is attempted.
It isn't possible to say that nonsense poet Edward Lear meant for there to be no meaning
at all in

readability="8">

There was an Old Derry down Derry, who loved to
see little folks merry;
So he made them a book, and with laughter they shook
at the fun of that Derry down
Derry.

though it does seem
safe to say that Lear intended no deep and profound meaning to be conveyed other than
that he intended to make "little folks" merry and shake with
laughter.

On the other hand, concrete poets can and often
do impart significant meaning through their poetry--meaning that is enhanced by the
shape--as is the case with Court Smith's concrete poem " href="http://people.oregonstate.edu/~smithc/poems/dove.html">Dove's Song,"
the words of which are:

Cast away your arms
--
dress for peace
wrap in nature's cloak --

How do the men feel about Janie?

Throughout Their Eyes Were Watching
God, men are physically attracted to Janie's beauty, her hair, and her light
skin. We see this in the very first chapter when Janie returns to
Eatonville:

readability="10">

The men noticed her firm buttocks like she had
grape fruits in her hip pockets; the great rope of long hair swinging to her waist and
unraveling in the wind like a plume; then her pugnacious breasts trying to bore holes in
her shirt. They, the men, were saving with the mind what they lost with the
eye.

However, throughout the
novel, many of the men are also unsure and even disappoving of Janie's self-assertion
and her strong-willed behavior. They choose to see her as possession--a beautiful
possession, but a possession nonetheless. Tea Cake is the obvious exception to this
idea.

In "A Rose for Emily", by William Faulkner,the story is viewed as first-person point-of-view.How does the point of view support the story?What is...

The "we" is communal by definition, but I would argue the "we" proceeds from a singular person linking himself with the town as a whole. The voice is that of a gossip or self-appointed town-historian, lending the story an oral quality, which is also enabled by the circuitous (or at least unchronological) ordering of events.  If the "I" is behind the "we," the question of gender then presents itself:  is this a man or woman speaking, or is the voice sufficiently distinctive to leave such a trace in the text? I would argue that the voice is male, although that is an intuitive rather than strongly reasoned response, based in part on the way the narrator describes the townsmen investigating the smell around Emily's house: who could tell a lady her house smells, the narrator asks. Well, I don't think a woman would say that; I think a woman would wonder why no one confronted Emily with the smell. This is just one instance of several small clues that suggest this might be a male voice speaking for the community.

What is the meaning of the story title, "A Day's Wait"?

This wonderful short story by Ernest Hemingway details the
illness suffered by young Schatz and his misunderstood seriousness of the diagnosis.
Schatz overhears his doctor tell his father that his temperature is "102 degrees."
Having attended school in Europe, he is not used to the Fahrenheit scale: Instead, he
thinks the temperature is being calculated on the Celsius scale. Schatz realizes that no
one could live long with a temperature of 102 degrees Celsius (beyond the boiling
point), so he silently and patiently awaits his death during the day's long
wait.

How do your body system interact with other systems?a least three examples

The human body as a system interacts wit so many different
environmental, social, biological and physical systems. It is almost impossible to
compile a comprehensive list.

As part a social animal
humans interact with other humans which are organized into so many different groups such
friendship group, family, neighborhood, city, state nation, a market, employment system,
educational system and so on. In addition, the individual is also am a member of
transient social system like a person participating in a sports
competition.

Then individuals also interact with other
biological systems. A pet kept by a person, domestic animals to provide food milk, and
farming are some very common example of such
systems.

People also interact with various aspect of the
environment. For example, the body is able to maintain a standard body temperature by
responding appropriately. In addition, acts like wearing woolen clothes when it is cold
also involves interaction with the environment.

Then we
also interact with the various equipment we use. It is very common to talk about man and
machine inter-phase in relation to computers and design of equipments like car which
require skillful handling by people. However, things like the house we live in, as well
as the physical infrastructure of the city we live in including things like traffic
signal systems are all systems with which we interact.

How does John's revulsion against everything in the world state reach its limit in the hospital for the dying?

Like maggots
they had swarmed defilingly over the mystery of Linda's death,  Maggots again, but
larger, full grown, they now crawled across his grief and his repentance.  He halted
and, with bewildered and horrified eyes, stared round him at the khaki mob, in the midst
of which, overtopping it by a full head, he stood. 'How many goodly creatures are there
here!' The singing words mocked him derisively.  'How beauteous mankind is! O brave, new
world....'

John's
disillusionment with the New World, does, indeed, culminate in the Park Lane Hospital as
the contrast between his true humanity and genuine emotion is set against the
manufactured humanity of the Deltas who swarm around him.  John realizes that Linda had
"been a slave." There is no freedom in this new world from which his mother has come, a
world in which the soul has been poisoned by conditioning and
soma. 

In a final heroic effort, as a
culmination of his revulsion against the New World, John tries to free the Delta's from
their servitude, but the riot police subdue this short-lived revolution.  Having been
defeated in his efforts to change the inhabitants of the New World, John is past his
revulsion and only wishes for an escape in order to preserve his own soul. He asks to
live out his own life in peace, but when photographers and curiosity seekers invade his
solitude, John despairingly kills himself, as he, too, becomes a victim of the "brave
new world."

_______ carry nerve impulses between neurons--for example, from sensory neurons to motor neurons.what is in blank?!! and please also explain the...

The correct answer could be 'synapse, as mentioned in post
above, or it could be 'neurotransmitter'.

synapse is the
structure where any branch of one neuron transmits a nerve impulse to a branch of
another neuron, while neurotransmitters is a chemical which actually carries the the
impulses across the synapses. The neurotransmitters actually move from the end of axon,
of one neuron to the dendrite of the next neuron across the synaptic cleft carrying the
message with them.

In The Crucible, what details of the confession procedure convince Proctor that it is evil and cause him to recant?

John Proctor is only prompted to sign the confession after
talking with his wife, Elizabeth. They come to a new understanding of their love, and he
suddenly wants to live--something he was not interested in doing once he realized his
actions caused his wife's imprisonment and possible
death.

That being said, it is clear to the audience that he
is falsely confessing to witchcraft because he thinks he's already a vile sinner and one
more sin could not make a difference.  He continues to think that until the confession
process begins.

Proctor is willing to
sign his own name to a lie for the reasons given above.  He is not
willing to implicate others, knowing full well they are innocent of these crazy
charges.  He is not willing to have his confession posted on the
church door for all to see.  He is not willing for his children to
know he sold his friends to save his own life.  When asked the reasonable question--if
your confession is an honest one, why does it matter who sees it?--John Proctor speaks
some of the most moving lines of the play:

readability="7">

"Because it is my name! Because I cannot have
another in my life!...Because I am not worth the dust on the feet of them that hang! How
may I live without my name? I have given you my soul; leave me my
name!"

John Proctor,
adulterer and sinner, understands that true penitence need not be public. He knows that
while men may punish behavior, only God may judge the heart. 

What does claudius mean wh Though yet of Hamlet our dear brother's death The memory be green, and that it us befitted?

In this quote from Shakespeare's
Hamlet, found in Act 1.2, Claudius is justifying his own actions. 
He is explaining to his subjects why he has done what he's done.  Indirectly (from the
writer's point of view, not the character's), he is also outlining one of the central
issues of the early part of the play.

This scene is the
audience's introduction to the court of Elsinore.  When Claudius refers to King Hamlet's
death, he's informing the audience that the king of Denmark has recently died, in
addition to beginning his logical train of thought that justifies his hasty marriage to
the dead king's wife, Gertrude.  The memory is fresh, green, but people must continue to
lead their lives.  Thus, he married Gertrude.  The kingdom must continue to remember
King Hamlet, yet must also continue to live.

This logical
argument then leads into the new king's questioning of young Hamlet.  First, young
Fortinbras has to be taken care of, as well as Laertes.  But when those situations are
quickly handled, Claudius moves to Hamlet.  The logic is carried over:  everyone else,
though still respectfully remembering the deceased king, has recovered and moved on, why
can't young Hamlet?  Notice the logical chain:  Life must go on, situations like
Fortinbras must be handled; thus, Claudius married Gertrude.  Look how well Claudius is
handling things!  Everyone else is doing it--why can't young
Hamlet?

Here's what he
says:

But now,
my cousin Hamlet, and my son--....

How is it that the
clouds still hang on
you?

When everyone else has
recovered, how is it that you are still upset?

And the play
is on!  Gertrude's hasty remarriage is a key issue in the play, and an event that Hamlet
obsesses about throughout the play.  Claudius attempts to justify it in this scene, and
uses his logical argument to convince Hamlet that he, too, should go along with
it.

His argument fails.

Contrast the actions of Bernard and Helmholtz when they see the Savage being attacked by the mob.

This action happens, of course, in Chapter
15.

Bernard and Helmholtz are at Helmholtz's apartment when
a friend of Watson's calls to tell him that John the Savage is involved in the brawl at
the hospital.

The two men go to the hospital, but then they
react very differently.  Helmholtz is exultant.  He jumps in and starts punching and
fighting along with John.  By contrast, Bernard appeals to the police for
help.

I think this shows how Bernard is much less of a
rebel than Helmholtz is.  Bernard really just wants his life to be easy.  Helmholtz
truly wants to rebel.

We'll see a similar thing when Mond
tells the two men what's going to happen to them.  Watson takes it well, but Bernard has
to be sedated.

What are a few quotes from Othello that demonstrate Iago being each of these things: persuasive, clever, and evil.

In Othello, Iago is like the Devil, a
sly voice that plays upon fear and weakness.  First, he plays the race card against
Othello, but that fails.  Then, he plays the jealousy card against Desdemona and Cassio,
and it works like a charm.  Iago knows that Othello is insecure about his race, age, and
status in the white world.  He especially knows that as a military man, he is
distrustful of women.  So, he invents and elaborate scheme to destroy Othello through
his woman.  When Othello demands proof of her infidelity, Iago
says:

readability="0">

I do not like the
office:
But, sith I am enter'd in this cause so
far,
Prick'd to't by foolish honesty and
love,
I will go on. I lay with Cassio
lately;
And, being troubled with a raging
tooth,
I could not
sleep.
There are a kind of men so loose of
soul,
That in their sleeps will mutter their
affairs:
One of this kind is
Cassio:
In sleep I heard him say 'Sweet
Desdemona,
Let us be wary, let us hide our
loves;'
And then, sir, would he gripe and wring my
hand,
Cry 'O sweet creature!' and then kiss me
hard,
As if he pluck'd up kisses by the
roots
That grew upon my lips: then laid his
leg
Over my thigh, and sigh'd, and kiss'd; and
then
Cried 'Cursed fate that gave thee to the
Moor!'

This
psychological strategy angers Othello to no end.  Othello has been jealous of Cassio
(who is everything that Othello is not: white, Christian, young).  This shows that Iago
is very clever: he first uses psychological plants before he moves to physical
evidence.

When Othello demands ocular proof, Iago brings
out the handkerchief, the magical symbol of Othello's manhood and source of his
jealousy:

readability="0">

I know not that; but such a
handkerchief--
I am sure it was your wife's--did I
to-day
See Cassio wipe his beard
with.

Upon proof
that Cassio has the handkerchief, Iago gets Othello to effectively divorce Desdemona and
align himself with Iago.  His plan to kill her is not only persuasive but very clever:
he knows that Othello will be put to death for the crime.  Othello
says,

readability="0">

Damn her, lewd minx! O, damn
her!
Come, go with me apart; I will
withdraw,
To furnish me with some swift means of
death
For the fair devil. Now art thou my
lieutenant.

Proof
of Iago's evil is easy to come by, but he is no more evil that when he uses his wife as
a pawn in his twisted revenge plot.  He calls
her

Villanous
whore!

And

Filth,
thou liest!

And
then he stabs her.  Pure evil.

How did the community respond to Reverend Hale's arrival in The Crucible?

Overall, the community felt that Hale was to be their savior. Much of the town had become hysterical over the "condition" of the girls, and Hale had the reputation of saving another community. Reverend Parris feels that by bringing Hale in, he will be seen as a hero. Hale is not a fraud, but he has very naive beliefs in his own ability to cure the situation, and quickly becomes overwhelmed by his inability to help.

Find all second partial derivatives, fxx(x, y), fxy(x, y), fyx(x, y), and fyy(x, y)(a) f(x, y) = ln (5x^2 – 7y^3) and (b) x^2y^3e^(2x+3y)

While finding partial derivatives of f(x,y) with respect
x, we differentiate with respect x treating y as constant . Similarly x is treated to be
like a constant , while finding partial derivative of y and f(x,y) is differentiated
with respect to y.

f(x,y)
=ln(5x^2-7y^3)

fx(x,y) =
[1/(5x^2-7y^3)]10x

fxx(x,y) =
[-1/(5x^2-7y^3)^2]100x^2+[1/(5x^2-7y^3]10x

fyx(x,y) =
[-1/(5x^2-7y^3)^2]10x*(-7y^2)+0,as 10x is treated as constant with respect to
y.

fy(x,y) =
[1/(5x^2-7y^3)](-7y^2)

fxy(x,y)
=[-1/(5x^2-7y^3)^2](-7y^2)(10x)+0 as -7y^2 is treated as constant with respect to
x.

fyy(x,y) = [-1/(5x^2-7y^2)](-7y^2)^2
+[-1/(5x^2-7y^2)](-7*2*y)

b) f(x,y) =
x^2y^3e^(2x+3y)=(x^2e^(2x))(3y^2e^(3y)

fx(x,y) =
(2xe^(2x)+x^2e^2*2)3y^2e^(3y)=2x(x+1)y^3e^(2x+3y)

fxx(x,y)
= (4x+2)y^3e^(2x+3y)+[x(x+1)]^2 *y^3*e^(2x+3y)

fyx(x,y) =
2x(x+1){3y^2e^(2x+3y)+y^3e^(2x+3y)*3} =
2x(x+1)*3y^2(y+1)e^(2x+3y)

fy(x,y) =
x^2[3y^2e^(2x+3y)+y^3e^(2x+3y)*3] =
=3x^2y^2(y+1)e^(2x+3y)

fxy(x,y) =3y^2(y+1)
[x^2e^(2x+3y)*(2)+2xe^(2x+3y)] =

=3 y^2(y+1)(2x^2+2x)
e^(2x+3y) = 6x(x+1)y^2(y+1)e^(2x+3y)

fyy(x,y) =
3x^2{y^2(y+1)e^(2+3y)*3+(3y^2+2y)e^(2x+3y)]

=3x^2*{3y^3+6y^2+2y}e^(2x+3y)

What is the significance of the title of Small Island?

The title, Small Island, identifies
both Jamaica and the United Kingdom simultaneously. The lives of the four main
characters become intertwined because, as members of the same Commonwealth, they are
fighting in a war together. Racial relations are very tense, however, in Second World
War England. The title may suggest how cramped the British feel as waves of Caribbean
soldiers arrive to help out in the war effort. After the war is over, this cramped
feeling persists because some of the Caribbean soldiers decide to settle abroad. Gilbert
is one of those soldiers; and Hortense, his roommate/wife, decides to make the permanent
move to England with him. Their sometimes unpleasant experiences with the white British
citizens is evidence for this reading.

Why does Shakespeare create three sets of father-son parallel pairs in Hamlet?

Interesting question! Shakespeare used parallels to illustrate a theme in his plays quite often.  In this case, the parallels give us contrasts (foils) to highlight the characteristics of each pair.

Polonius and Laertes demonstrate a father and son who care for each other, but Polonius is incredibly controlling over his children - he wants to make sure he has his fingers in their business at all times.  Despite that, though, Laertes is ready to avenge his father's death at the hands of Hamlet when he comes back to Elsinore.

Hamlet and old Hamlet demonstrate a devoted son who misses his father deeply and desires to avenge his death, but lacks the ability to act until it is too late.

Fortinbras, whose father was killed by old Hamlet, serves as another foil to Hamlet in that he is a man of action, having initially engaged in hostilities against Denmark after his father's death, and finally being able to take the throne when all is lost within the Danish royal family.

Check the links below for more information on these characters and how they are similar and dissimilar.  Good luck!

What is the tone of "Harrison Bergeron"?

Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. writes this dystopian short story with
a very wry, dry sense of humor in a matter-of-fact and straightforward way.  For
example, take a look at the first line:  "The year was 2081 and everyone was finally
equal."  That is very factual and dry, but the addition of the word "finally" is very
sarcastic; it implies it was what everyone's goal was all along, and that it was indeed
possible.  He writes with that same sardonic tone throughout, and it adds a feeling of
humor and sad derision.  Take for example, a line soon after the one listed
above:

"Some
things about living still weren't quite right, though. April for instance, still drove
people crazy by not being
springtime."

He comments on
that darn April, that just won't stay in line like everyone else has.  He is trying to
be funny, but to express the seriousness of the actual society, because they really
think that way.  It is using satire to point out the absurdity of having a society that
is truly equal through artifical and enforced means.  Even though we know that April
can't be tamed, he indicates that the people in the story feel it should be.  We feel a
gap in perspective there, which lends itself well to the bemused tone of the
piece.

So, through the use of sarcasm and black humor, and
a dry, straight-forward tone, Vonnegut creates a tone of serious mocking and
storytelling wit.  I hope that helps a bit; good luck!

Which of the following statements is true regarding the growth of nationalism in the 19th century A.war and conflict were often used as vehicles to...

Of these possible answers that you offer, I would say that
the correct one is A -- wars and conflicts were often used as a way for nationalist
leaders to unite their people.

The most obvious examples of
this can be seen in Italy and Germany.  Both of these countries experienced nationalism
in the late 1800s.  They both used wars and conflicts to help the nationalism along.  In
time, the nationalism grew to a great enough extent that the two countries were actually
able to become single countries (they used to be split up into lots of little
countries).

What was the hypothesis being tested in the Milgram experiment? What were the dependent and independent variables? How was the hypothesis tested?

As a Social psychologist, Stanley Milgram was particularly
interested in the affects of interaction on behavior. Interestingly, this experiment was
born to test the limits of people's compliance and obedience under conditions of
potentially extreme cognitive dissonance, and authority. Essentially, Milgram wanted to
understand, how far would people obey orders given from an authority figure, under
circumstances that contradicted their beliefs. This was his
hypothesis.

It is important to note that this experiment
was conducted with four variations. Overall, each variation involved the same basic
test. Respondents, or "Teachers", were told that the effect of punishments on learning
ability were being testing. "Learners", or test subjects, were to be shocked when they
have an incorrect answer to a question. "Teachers" were also told to treat silence as an
incorrect response. With each incorrect response, the degree of shock administered was
to increase based on a set of levers ranging from 75 volts, or minimal shock, to 450
volts or, XXX.

With each variation of the experiment, the
independent and dependent variables changed slightly, as the experiment varied. Please
see a brief description of the independent variables through each variation of the
experiment, and how they were tested.

Experiment
Variation I:

Independent Variable: Immediate
proximity to authority.

Test: Respondents or "Teachers"
were in a room with the authority figure, they could see the test subject, and were
nudged along with statements like,

The experiment requires
you to continue.

Experiment Variation
II:

Independent Varaible: Rebellious interveners
(This variation tested rather introducing people who questioned authority, would change
the obedience of others.)

Test: Respondents were kept
together in a room, and some individuals who fit the category of rebellious or questions
authority, were kept amongst a group of average responders. The test was to see how many
people would follow the rebellion and not comply with the
experiment. 

Experiment Variation
III:

Independent Variable: Proximity to Learner
(This variation tested rather being in the room with the test subject would change the
obedience level.)

Test: Respondents were in the same room
with the learner, they could not see the authority, and were forced to place the
learner's hand on the shock plate, and administer the
shock.

Experiment Variation
IV:

Independent Varaibale: Perception of
authority (This variation tested how each responder's idea of the authority figure,
changed the level of obedience.)

Test: Responder's were
paired with lesser authorities and told to administer shocks to the learner. This could
have been two responder pairings, or a lab tech and a
responder. 

What is the resolution of "The Scarlet Ibis"?

Doodle, who has begged Brother not to leave him, dies.  Brother had been trying to teach him to row, much as he had taught him other things, like walking.  But Brother's motivations had never been altrustic.  He wanted Doodle to walk because he was ashamed of having a disabled brother. 

On this fateful day, the boys had been at a picnic with other relatives.  An odd noise from the garden leads to the discovery of the exotic bird, who is bleeding and dying.  Though warned not to touch the bird, Doodle takes it upon himself to bury it. 

Brother, aware that his sibling has been taking a steady turn for the worse health-wise, does not let up on Doodle.  After the burial, he insists the pair go out for a rowing lessons.  The storm, which had blown the scarlet ibis off course and probably killed him, is getting nearer to the lake where they are practicing.  Trying to make it home, Doodle pleads with brother to wait and help.  He does not.  When he realizes Doodle is too long in coming, Brother tracks back and finds Doodle dead, the stains on his clothing reminiscient of the dead, exotic bird they had just buried.  The comparision is too much for Brother too bear.  He breaks down, weeping.  It's all he can do. 

Why does the prince not have Romeo killed? After all, he has already passed a death sentence for anybody who fights?Romeo and Juliet by William...

First of all, the Prince has ordered death for any
citizen who disturbs the streets of Verona, which Romeo, Mercutio, and Tybalt all have
done. Technically, they all should be put to death. The Capulets bring Tybalt's dead
body before the Prince just as the Montagues bring Mercutio's dead body, each family
seeking vengeance for the death of their loved
one.

The Prince questions Benvolio, since as his name
implies, he is good and trustworthy (bene/bueno= good). Benvolio tells the Prince how
Romeo greeted Tybalt pleasantly, refusing to argue and greeting him as a friend. At this
point, the audience knows (dramatic irony) that Romeo is married to Juliet, making
him cousin to Tybalt. We understand why Romeo won't fight Tybalt, but Tybalt doesn't
understand. Tybalt still wants vengeance against Romeo for disrespecting the
Capulets.

Mercutio, who claims that Romeo was no match to
fight Tybalt, "The Prince of Cats," is enraged that Romeo will not at least defend
himself. Because Romeo won't fight Tybalt, Mercutio decides to pick up the gauntlet. As
a reputable swordsman, Mercutio would most likely defeat Tybalt easily. Unfortunately,
Romeo tries to break up the fight, and while so doing, he ironically causes Mercutio
to be fatally wounded.

Benvolio relates this entire story
to the Prince, who sees that Tybalt was the instigator. It is clear that Romeo had tried
on several occasions to avoid conflict. It was only after he saw Tybalt slay Mercutio
that Romeo snaps in a brash, thoughtless, implusive moment in which he chases down
Tybalt and kills him. Mercutio, cousin to the Prince, would (at least to some extent)
be considered fairly avenged.

The Prince sees that a death
sentence would be too severe under the circumstances and for a man of Romeo's character.
Quickly, the Prince makes the decision to exile Romeo rather than put him to death. In
fourteenth century Verona, exile was as close to death as one could
get.

The Prince's decision to exile Romeo rather than
execute him is due to the unusual circumstances of the crime as well as Romeo's
exceptional character.  

Who are the characters of The Lady or the Tiger?

The courtier is a young man who is imprisoned because he engaged in an affair with the king's daughter, the princess.

The king is a man who enjoys giving prisoners a choice as to their fate. He has developed a system that has the prisoner choose between two doors-one leads to freedom, the other to an arena and certain death. He takes vicious strides in choosing the tiger for the young man who engaged in an affair with his daughter. The other door has a lovely woman who he must wed should he choose that door.

The lady is the young woman who is behind the other door. She causes the princess much jealousy and anguish.

The princess is in love with the young man. Her red-hot jealousy is causing her to consider letting him go to the arena and be ripped apart by the tiger, rather than living with his marriage to another woman. The choice is never revealed to the reader.

What were Hitler's and Mussolini's guiding principles and ultimate goal?

For Hitler the ultimate goal was to control the entire
world.  I do not believe that Mussolini had any such grandiose plans.  However, he was
motivated by a desire to restore a Roman Empire of sorts (except he looked more to
Africa than to Europe for his empire).

For both men, the
guiding principle was fascism.  Fascism believes that a singler person should be the
undisputed leader of a society.  This society should be as homogeneous as possible in
terms of ethnicity and in political thought (it should be completely dedicated to the
leader).

How does Fitzgerald tell the story in chapter 5 of the great gatsby?I think this question is asking me about the style of narration in the chapter...

I think one of the best choices Fitzgerald makes is in having Nick leave the house while Daisy and Gatsby get re-acquainted.  It adds a touch of suspense for the readers who are curious to know how their conversation is playing out, but more importantly, it removes any speculation about whether or not their conversation is realistic.  If the readers were present for that conversation, there could be endless discussion on how "real" the dialogue is.  By removing Nick (our eyes and ears) we are left to simply accept that the reunion went fine.

the title of Chapter 9, "the leech" is a term used in the past to mean "doctor." discuss Hawthorne's symbolic use of the term in this chapter.

The leech, Roger Chillingworth does indeed function
figuratively as described above. In another sense, Roger will not let go of this
situation just like a leech gets stuck to host through the power of suction. He is bound
and determined to get the two sinners to confess the name of the father of the
child.

Chillingworth, having this great pursuit, takes
residence in the town. Hawthorne points out that this is of great significance because
of Chillingworth's abilities. Doctors of his capability often settled a lot closer to
Boston wherein there would be a great body of people to serve as well as schools of
medicine to take up instruction.

Likewise, Chillingworth is
well on in years.

readability="12">

This learned stranger was exemplary, as
regarded, at least, the outward forms of a religious life, and, early after his arrival,
had chosen for his spiritual guide the Reverend Mr.
Dimmsdale.

People understood
him to be an experienced and intellectual man. He was an admired practitioner of faith.
Yet among these great qualities, he chose a timid and young spiritual mentor. This is
odd. He attached himself to this young man and must have a reason for
it.

About this
period, however, the health of Mr. Dimmsdale had evidently begun to
fail.

Conveniently, the young
reverend had very recently made the acquaintance of a leech. The ill in him is doing him
more harm than good, just like the effort of leeches in those days to indeed suck out
the 'bad blood.'

Why does Don John pretend that he does not recognize Claudio?

A major theme in Much Ado About
Nothing is "appearance versus reality," and there is no better setting and
occasion to develop this theme than a masquerade where everyone is masked.  Everyone, it
seems, is on equal status.  Otherwise unmasked, Don John (a bastard) would have no
clout, since his status is so low.

In this scene Don John
is appearing to be honest.  That's irony number one.

Irony
number two is that he knows Claudio is Claudio, but he pretends to address him as
Benedick:

readability="0">

Are not you Signior
Benedick?

readability="2.2295081967213">

Signior, you are very
near my brother in his love:
he is enamoured on Hero; I pray you,
dissuade him
from her: she is no equal for his birth: you
may do the part of an honest man in
it.

With Don John
gone, Claudio removes his mask and says:

readability="0">

Thus answer I in the name of
Benedick,
But hear these ill news with the ears of
Claudio.

Irony
number three is: why does Claudio answer in the name of Benedick?  Is he jealous of
Pedro, or does he really not trust Hero, or both?  As most men were distrustful of women
(a glaring double standard), maybe Claudio wants to hear gossip about her just to give
him a reason to dump her.  As a vice figure, Don John knows all
this.

So, Don John is pretending to not recognize Claudio
because he wants to bait him with lies about his brother Don Pedro wooing Hero for
himself in order to create animosity between Claudio and Pedro.  Instead of playing
matchmaker, Don John, out of spite, is trying to be a
breaker-upper.

He wants to hurt both Claudio and Pedro by
using a female's reputation against their own.  So, if Hero is of low reputation, then
no one will have her for a wife and everyone will be unhappy, just like him.  Misery
loves company.

You see, a bastard (see below) will do
anything to create strife, even if there's no goal or advantage gained.  Don John's evil
comes from having no father and, thus, no status in a society that only looks favorably
upon sons with fathers.  Name, status, reputation were the only things that mattered to
men at this time.

readability="10">

The BASTARD: the dispossessed son, he burns with
resentment. He can’t have what he wants, so he lashes out to hurt those around him. His
deeds are often for effect – he wants to provoke action in others. He proudly announces
his rebellious dealings. Don’t be fooled by his boyish demeanor – he’s a bundle of
hate.

Why was Charlie taking the tests in Flowers for Algernon?Reading progress reports 1-8 and I still don't know why he's taking these tests.

He is taking the tests to determine the level of his
intelligence and to determine if he has the right psychological profile to be used in
the study. Alice has recommended Charlie because unlike others with his low IQ, he is a
positive guy and eager to learn. The team gives him ink blot tests, which he cannot even
do because he is a literal thinker and sees nothing on the page but a blot of ink. He is
unable to think abstractly at first. They also give him tests to see if he can out-think
Algernon and escape from a maze. The tests are given prior to the operation so that the
research team can have a baseline with which to compare after Charlie's operation. The
only way they can measure his growth is to compare how he did on the tests before and
after the operation.

In Animal Farm, what resistance to the idea of rebellion do the pigs encounter in Moses the raven?

Moses is now the oldest surviving animal on the farm and he talks about having seen and heard of revolution for days gone by and he stands by his creed to change nothing in his life because he believes that no matter who is in charge nothing ever changes. As the story unfolds we can see that his beliefs that nothing changes is true. At first things seemed to be better, but in the end they were the same and eventually they were worse, but since Moses changed nothing, his life was far from altered by the events that took place on the farm. He was old enough to know that the faces might change, but the problems stay the same and there is no such thing as a perfect world. He has learned to be content with whatever his world looks like.

Given f(x)=-3x^2-7x+19 and g(x)=2x^2-4x-5 find the following:a. (f-g)(-2) b. (fg)(-2) c. (g°f)(-2) d. g-1(-2) e. f(g(f(2)))Supposedly there are...

a) (f-g)(x) =
(-3x^2-2x^2)+(-7x+4x)+(19+5)

(f-g)(x) =
-5x^2-3x+24

b) For calculating (fg)(-2), we'll
calculate first the product (fg)(x).

(fg)(x)= (-3x^2-7x+19
)*(2x^2-4x-5)

We'll multiply each term from the first
bracket with each term from the second one and the resul will
be:

(fg)(x)=
-6x^4+12x^3+15x^2-14x^3+28x^2+35x+38x^2-76x-95

We'll group
the terms which have the same unknown raised to the same
degree;

(fg)(x)=
-6x^4+x^3(12-14)+x^2*(15+28+38)+x*(35-76)-95

(fg)(x)= -6x^4
- 2x^3 + 52x^2 -41x -95

Now, we'll calculate fg(-2), by
substituting x with the value (-2):

(fg)(-2)= -6(-2)^4 -
2(-2)^3 + 52(-2)^2 -41(-2) -95

(fg)(-2)=
-96+16+186-95

(fg)(-2)=
-11

c) To calculate (g°f)(-2),
first we have to calculate (g°f)(x).

(g°f)(x) = g(f(x)) =
2*[f(x)]^2-4*f(x)-5

g(f(x))=2(9x^4+49+x^2+361-42x^3-57x^2-133x)+12x^2+28x-81

g(f(2))=
2(144+196+361-336-228-266)+48+56-81

g(f(2))=
-235

d) (g-1)(x) =
2x^2-4x-5-1

(g-1)(x) =
2x^2-4x-6

We'll calculate (g-1)(x) as we have calculated
f-g, but this time having a constant function =1, instead a mono variable
function.

(g-1)(-2) =
2(-2)^2-4(-2)-6

(g-1)(-2) =
8+8-6

(g-1)(-2) =
16-6

(g-1)(-2) =
10

e. For calculating f(g(f(2))),
we'll use the result from the point c), where we've calculated already g(f(2))=
-235.

So, we'll have to calculate
f(-235).

f(-235) = -3(-235)^2 - 7(-235) +
19

f(-235) = -165675 + 1645 +
19

f(-235) =
-164011

Act 3:Describe hor Paris and Hales

Abigail turns the court against Mary by pretending that Mary is sending her spirit out on her. She gets all the girls to go along with it and Danforth believes it.

In Act III, Hale really begins to question the accusations in the court. He is seeing how righteous people, like Rebecca Nurse, being accused. Paris is just worried about his reputation which is linked to Abigail and his daughter Betty. He is completely behind the girls and isn't bothered by the accusations. He keeps trying to convince Danforth that Proctor and others are trying to bring the court down.

How does Cassie reveal her lack of sophistication on the day she goes to Strawberry in Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry?

Cassie was expecting Strawberry to be a big, sprawling
town, but she was highly disappointed when she got her first glimpse at it. "Is this
it?" Cassie cried. A paved road and electric lines were the only modern conveniences she
could see. She then became upset when she saw other vendors with better locations to
sell their goods. Big Ma warned her to watch her mouth and to stay put whlle she visited
Mr. Jamison. But Stacey took off and Cassie followed. Inside the Barnett Mercantile
Store, Cassie became upset when several white people received preferential treatment,
and Cassie protested. She lost her temper and argued with Mr. Barnett, who called her
a "little nigger." When Stacey returned, Mr. Barnett ordered them both out of the store,
but not before Cassie screamed at the owner once
again.

Cassie's youthful ignorance did not allow her to
understand the place of the Negro in the white man's world. She did not know her place.
It was perfectly normal at that time for white customers to be waited upon before
Negroes, and patience and humility were not virtues that she yet
possessed.  

How did morrie achieve wisdom?the process of how morrie achieved wisdom

Much of Morrie's wisdom came from careful observation of
and reflection on the lives he saw around him.  He lived a life filled with myriad
powerful experiences as a child of the depression and also clearly a very observant
child.

Because of this experiences observing patients in a
mental hospital and seeing people working in horrendous conditions like his father and
being unable to find work in the depression, Morrie developed the philosophy of
embracing life and sucking the marrow out of its bones, experiencing it
fully.

He demonstrated this attitude towards his students
by giving them the same respect he gave to everyone, continuing the idea that he had
something to learn from everyone and by so doing he did in fact learn from
everyone.

In A Rose for Emily, what contrast does the narrator draw between changing reality and Emily's refusal or inability to recognize change?

The narrator uses the setting to draw attention to the fact that Miss Emily cannot and does not change.  Her house is described as having fallen into disrepair, the once white house is in bad need of a paint job.  The neighborhood in which the house is located was undoubtedly one of the best but the narrator drops little hints as to the current situation by telling us that gasoline pumps and cotton gins are now nearing her property. This tells the reader that the neighborhood has lost some of its affluence. 

As the narrator goes into the history and story of Miss Emily, we see her in her natural setting. In other words, she fits into the setting of the town as a young woman.  However, as the town grows and develops, she does not. In this case, she represents the 'Old South'.  Although not specifically stated why, we know that she has been given a reprieve from paying taxes by the Colonel.  As the town grows and new town leaders come into office, they find her reprieve to be a relic of and antiquated in unjust system of favouritism.  This also shows a contrast between new and old.  

To sum up, the setting contrasts and highlights Miss Emily's inability to change with the rest of the town who do change.  We see this in both physical descriptions of the town and in the situation described above concerning the new town officials. 

In "A Good Man Is Hard to Find," what is the Misfit's favorite saying and what does it mean?

The Misfit says that "Jesus threw everything off balance" and that he shouldn't have done it.

By connecting his life with Jesus dying for everyone's sins on the cross, he is trying to relate his story with that of Jesus. Jesus committed no crime in the eyes of most Christians and at least no crime that you could prove and similarly, the Misfit does not understand why a crime was put on him. He says, the difference is "they could prove I had committed one because they had papers on me." He likens his being put (he feels) unjustly in prison with Jesus' being put unjustly to death.

To the Misfit's mind, because Jesus committed no crime and was put to death this altered the balance of things. The Misfit believes you should be punished in relation to the suffering you have endured. "I call myself The Misfit," he said, "because I can't make what all I done wrong fit what all I gone through in punishment." Therefore, he sees nothing in life to prevent him from doing wrong if he is going to be punished no matter what he does.

What is the primary contribution of Christianity as an organized religion to life and culture in the medieval period?

The primary contribution of Christianity to medieval
civilization, may have been, in my opinion, the reestablishment of strong family bonds.
During the Roman empire, the family had become
atomistic.

In Greek times, again in Roman times, and again
in post-classical times, the predominant type of family evolved from trustee to domestic
to atomistic.

The Trustee family
occurred in the earlier stages of civilization, whenever and wherever
neither the state nor the church ruled the family; the family ruled itself. In the
trustee family, the family embraces many households. One man is head of the family but
he is subject to a family counsel and occasionally to the entire family when nearly all
members feel so strongly about an issue that they are willing to oppose
him.

Trustee Family mores include: men
do not openly engage in premarital or extramarital sex. Women do not engage in
premarital or extramarital sex, except for the ever present few blacksliders. Women who
are not virgins cannot marry and are kicked out of the family. Adulteresses also, or
killed if caught in the act.

Property is held in common, is
received from previous generations and is held in trust for future generations. The
family takes care of its own. It is responsible for seeking revenge or compensation for
injury to a family member by an outsider; it is responsible for paying compensation if a
member injures an outsider; costly feuds can
result.

The domestic family
evolves to facilitate commerce. The domestic family is like the
individual household in the trustee family. There is no longer a head of family except
within the household. Property is no longer held in common or in trust, but can be
bought and sold. The family no longer seeks revenge or pays compensation; family members
are now subject to the civil power as regards injuries to or from any other individual.
The family mores remain as in the trustee
family.

The atomistic family
puts individualism above family. Men openly visit prostitutes and keep
mistresses. Fornication is common. Divorce is common, and easy, and marriage is casual.
Children are few or none or neglected. Deviant sexual behavior is common. Abortion is
common. Children do not form strong ties to family, therefore to nothing else either.
People without strong ties are easier to rule, but they do not form a support for the
nation; the nation is easily subjugated by outsiders. Greece was easy prey for Rome when
its family structure became atomistic. Rome was easy prey for the barbarians when its
family structure became atomistic.

After the
fall of Rome, the trustee family structure reappeared in many places,
and the Christian church vigorously promoted the domestic family structure
to replace both the trustee structure and the atomistic
structure.

Zimmerman, Carle C. 1947.
Family and Civilization. New York and London: Harper &
Brothers, 829 + x pages.

What were the positive and negative effects of the encomienda system for both the Spanish and the native Amerindians?

The encomienda system (in theory) was a feudal-like system
where Spaniards would offer protection and education to the native populations in
exchange for labor and money/gifts.

In reality, the
encomienda system was a horrible abuse of power and essentially slavery.  It was
beneficial to the Spanish because they were able to extract labor at no cost.
 Additionally, it enabled the Peninsulares (European-born Spaniards) and Creoles
(American-born Spaniards) to maintain power and privileges at the top of the social
pyramid.  However, the encomienda system was not helpful to Spanish landowners who
wanted to use the encomienda system to its original purpose; it ended up favoring those
peninsulares and creoles who were skilled at enslaving and torturing native
populations.

For the native Amerindians, there were very
little positives.  Negatives include abuse, forced labor, and punishment.  In some
situations, when there was a small crop harvest, the farmers were forced to starve
themselves in order to send food to the landowners.  In addition, and this applies
moreso to Peru, native Americans were forced to work in gold and silver mines, where
conditions were so bad that most workers died. 

The
encomienda system was later reformed after men such as Bartolome de las Casas informed
the crown that if conditions continued under the encomienda system, the entire
population would be at risk and the souls of all those involved could potentially be
damned (keep in mind that colonial Spanish America was a site for Catholic
missionaries).  The new system was relabeled the repartamiento, which also had its
flaws.

What are some examples of neo-colonialism from the film Hotel Rwanda?

In the movie "Hotel Rwanda" the hotel is run by an
organization outside of the country and the people in the hotel are witnesses to the
barbaric slaughter of the Tutsi peoples by Hutus.  The government that was in power knew
what was occurring but it was of benefit to the government to allow the genocide of the
Tutsi people.  The government had the power to stop it but chose to do
nothing. 

Another example was that the United Nations had
sent a peace mission consisting of troops into the area, but they had orders not to
intervene.  They could only guard the hotel until people came to collect the whites and
people of importance staying at the hotel.  Inside the hotel hidden away were thousands
of Tutsi people.

Both of these were examples of
neo-colonialism.

Can you give me a few examples of courage from "To Kill A Mockingbird" with evidence from the book for each example?

The scene of attack at the end of the book is a great place to look for courage.  Jem in this scene has the courage to fight the attacker and protect his sister - he only stops when his arm breaks.  Boo Radley has the courage to step in and fight for the children as well, ultimately saving them from Bob Ewell.

The character of Boo Radley exemplifies courage.  He is alienated by the town, either ignored or feared.  He grew up with an abusive and controlling father.  Despite these things, he shows a strong sensitive and compassionate side.  He has the strength to reach out to the children, leaving them gifts and protecting them when needed.  He has the courage to face a whole room of people when he carries Scout home from the attack.  A quiet courage, maybe, but courage still.

One example you might not have considered is the courage of Mayella Ewell.  She has the strength to face the town in the courthouse and submit to Atticus' cross-examination.  She has the courage to stick to her story when Atticus begins to show the holes in it.  It may not be a wise move, but her actions in court are courageous.  She is, after all, doing what she has to do in order to protect herself.

Justify Miss Hardcastle's stooping down to conquer Marlow's heart.

Kate wants a man to marry her for love, not because of her social position. By pretending to be a barmaid, she can get to know Marlowe's true character. Barmaids and lower level women were the object of sexual harassment quite often. Marriage-especially in this story- was a formal, business-like arrangement, not a romantic connection. Kate does not want someone to marry her for this reason.

Marlowe has an attraction to "barmaid" Kate. They enter into a smitten friendship. Eventually, Marlow realizes that he loves her, and wants to marry her despite her social status. He knows that his family will not allow it.

In the end, Kate constructs a way for people to see that Marlow truly loves her-not her appropriate social status.

If Kate had not stooped to deception, she would always have doubts about the sincerity of her husband. Social restrictions made it impossible for two people of a certain class to form an intimate relationship. By pretending to be of a lower social class allowed her to escape this restriction. 

What are the main themes in the play Othello?

I would have to go with the theme of duality as one of
Shakespeare's most important ideas in the tragedies: what appears to be reality is often
not. Notice how often the word "seem" is used in the play: "Men should be what they
seem." This familiar lament is ironically stated and discussed repeatedly by Othello and
with, ironically, the most two-faced character in the play. It happens over and over in
the plays. Here, it ends in total disaster for Othello, who is far too trusting to
understand the reality of Iago. Othello's simplistic military code is no match for
Iago's Machiavellian manipulations.

The second most
important theme would then be the nature of jealousy, one of our most primitive
emotions. Shakespeare explores its permutations with 3 different couples, all of whom
have one partner who is fairly consumed by it and the other who deals with it as it
affects their relationship. Ultimately, it destroys or at least seriously hurts all 3
couples. Desdemona and Emilia are basically killed because of it. Shakespeare has many
penetrating observations about this emotion. The one that strikes me is that he says
that jealous souls are never jealous for a reason, but because they are jealous. In
other words, there is no good reason for them to be jealous. They just are. That is
scary stuff and well worth considering as a warning.

How does Huck’s dialect differ from Standard English?What would be the effect on the reader if the characters in the novel spoke Standard English?

Huck's dialect is reflective of Twain's use of regionalism
and local color in his writing. He populates his work with characters who speak like the
locals would have actually spoken in that area. This is much the same as modern-day
writers who use urban slang in their works to give their characters a "street" quality
or the use of "country" dialect to represent characters who live in rural areas. When a
writer chooses to use improper grammar and phonetic spellings of words such as Twain
does, the writer is making the characters more realistic. An uneducated youth from a
small southern town is not going to speak like a Harvard educated English professor! Had
Twain used "standard" English, he would not have achieved the same effect with his
characters. Readers would have gotten to know them for what they said, but not for who
they really were (or who they actually represented).

Yet
Huck is still on a slightly higher level than his pap. Huck
states:

If I
never learnt nothing else out of pap, I learnt that the best way to get along with his
kind of people is to let them have their own
way.

He uses some
regional dialect (learnt nothing else out of) but nowhere near as much as his "pap"
uses:

Who told
you you might meddle with such hifalut'n foolishness,
hey?

says his pap about
Huck's attempts at education. Could you imagine if his father had said: "Who encouraged
you to think that the pursuit of education was within your reach?" for example, it just
wouldn't sound the same!

Explain why Puritans revolved around religion by using a quote from Act 1.

The Puritans life revolved around religion because it helped them define life.  Good things that happened were from God and the bad things were from the Devil.  They had a constant fear of Satan and looked for him in everything and clung to their God out of a desire for safety.  Hale displays this attitude soon after his entrance in Act I scene I when he gets out his book to look up signed of the devil:

Hale: Here is all the invisible world, caught, defined, and calculated.   In these books the Devil stands stripped of all his brude disgiuses.  Here are all your familiar spirits.... Have no fear now - we shall find him out if has has come among us, and I mean to crush him utterly if he has shown his face. 

Here Hale shows how fear of Satan propels these people into a legalistic type of Christianity that permeates their whole lives.  The turn to relgion in fear, not love.

What is the import of Macbeth's commands about Macduff's family?

In giving his order to “give to th’ edge o’ th’ sword / His wife, his babes, and all the unfortunate souls / That trace him in his line,” Macbeth demonstrates his new resolution “To crown [his] thoughts with acts, be it thought and done,” which means he wants to demonstrate his power even as an idea arises in his head.  He has now defined himself as a man of action (The flighty purpose never is o’ertook / Unless the deed go with it”) in response to his recent encounter with the witches, who have shown him the row of kings of which he is not one. This encounter with the witches signifies his intent to work with their magic to fulfill his ambitions—he actually seeks their advice, and having done that, he is ready to do whatever might be necessary to terrify others, hoping this weapon of fear will strengthen his ability to hold on to his power.  This man is, after all, first and foremost a warrior, and the thinks in terms of a warrior. That is part of his tragic flaw: it once made him great, but now has brought about his downfall. All quotes are from 4.1.145-155

What does Lady Macbeth's sleep walking indicate about her state of mind?

Lady Macbeth's sleep walking, and what she does and says
while she is walking in her sleep, show that she feel very guilty about all the things
that she has helped to convince her husband to do.

The most
obvious example of this is her compulsive hand washing.  She keeps trying to clean
herself and yet the spot will not come out (since it's only in her mind anyway).  This
shows that she is not able to overcome her guilt.  She feels that her guilt cannot be
washed away.  This is going to lead her to kill herself later on in the
play.

What do the opening stage directions indicate about the playwright's style and dramatic technique?

At first, the stage directions convey a lot of detail about the setting, for instance this rundown quarter of New Orleans is ironically named ‘Elysian fields’, yet Blanche discovers it does not match her expectation of a paradise, foreshadowing a tragedy. In fact, instead of being a place of eternal rest, the ‘Elysian fields’ is a multi-cultural, vibrant and sensual place with the ‘blue piano’, evoking sexual tension.  One of her first acknowledgement to the setting is disorientation and confusion, as she cannot believe where she has just arrived, repeating ‘Elysian field’ in disbelief, which also emphasizes how at odds with this place the protagonist is. The way he depicts the opening scene also helps create a powerful contrast between Blanche and her surroundings. At this time, social distinctions were ignored. Therefore, black people where having relationships with whites, and members with different ethnic groups played poker as well as bowled together. As Blanche arrives at Stella’s apartment, she immediately becomes the antagonist of the setting. Moreover well a claustrophobic sense develops through Blanche’s reaction to the place. The confined setting of two-room apartment creates an oppressive heat, and hence, Blanche feels overwhelmed. Her incredulous questions to her sister about the apartment immediately cause tension between the two characters and there’s a sense of blanche has walked into a cage, which is the opposite of her expectation.

What are some main points of "The Jungle"?

If you are looking for themes, two of the main ones are naturalism, the pursuit of the American Dream, and socialism.  Sinclair demonstrates naturalism when he portrays the characters as animals who cannot control themselves.  Jurgis looses his temper on several occasions and lashes out.  He also becomes an uncontrollable alcoholic for a period.  All of the characters are victims of their environment (Stanislovas being eaten by rats, etc).

The character pursuit of the American Dream is also a theme.  The family immigrates to America for a better life.  They believe they can have a house and jobs, but they realize quickly that the dream is an illusion.  

Sinclair's answer to the failed American Dream is socialism which is presented in the last section of the novel.   Jurgis is attracted to the philosophy because he can see how it would have helped his family.  It attracts the common worker with promise of equalizing everyone.  The novel ends on a hopeful note as Jurgis joins the socialist movement. 

What happens to boxer? Why is this so tragic?

The greatest tragedy of the book is what happens to Boxer. There are two famous mottos of Boxer. He says: "I must work harder," and "Napoleon is always right." 

These two quotes shows what Boxer is about. He is a hard working animal. The more difficult the work, the more he will dig deep inside and find the strength to do it. He is a work horse, literally. Second, he is loyal. He is one who truly believes in the revolution. In fact, he is the most loyal animal on the farm. 

In view of this, we would expect him to be honored, but he is not. When he grows ill and sick, the pigs do not take care of him. They used him in the past and they will use him now. They sell him to the knackers and they will boil his body and make glue. He is completely expendable and nothing of his labor remains. It is as if he never lived. By far, he is the most tragic, because he was sincere in all that he did and completely taken advantage of. 

What is 11 3/4 divided by twono

The answer to this is 47/8.  You can simplify that to 5
7/8.

Here is how to get to this
answer.

First, you can convert 11 3/4 to a simple
fraction.  You do this by multiplying 11 by 4 and adding the three.  So 11 3/4 is
47/4.

Now you can divide this by two.  One way to do this
is to mulitply it by 1/2.  When you multiply fractions like that, you multiply top
numbers by top numbers, bottom numbers by bottom
numbers.

47*1 = 47

4*2 =
8

So 47/4 * 1/2 = 47/8

How is dramatic irony, solilquy and monologue, and symbolism used in drama?How is dramatic irony, soliloquy, monologue, and symbolism used in...

I am assuming you are directing the question specifically
at the play Romeo and Juliet since your tags have indicated this to
the reader.

Shakespeare uses an abundance of literary
devices in his plays in order to add richness to his language; some of the more common
literary devices are dramatic irony, soliloquy,monologue and
symbolism.

Firstly, dramatic irony occurs when a speech or
situation in the play has a deeper or opposite meaning to the meaning understood
by the characters in the play. For instance, in Act I, Scene 2, Peter, a servant to the
Capulet's, asks Romeo to read the letter/invitation for the Capulet masquerade. Although
the characters are unaware that they are part of rival families, the audience knows what
is happening during the interaction.

Second, a soliloquy is
a speech that is delivered by a character who is alone on stage. The words are expressed
out loud and normally reveal a lot of information about the character's feelings and
thoughts. For example, in Act III, Scene 2, Juliet delivers a soliloquy while she is in
the Capulet house eagerly waiting for the Nurse
to return.

A monologue is uninterrupted speech which is
delivered by a character to another character or the audience. For example, the
prologues in the play are delivered by the chorus. As well, the prologues may also be
delivered by Prince Escalus when the play is performed in front of a live
audience.

A symbol is an object, a character, or an event
that signifies one thing in the literal sense, but has meaning beyond the literal word.
For instance, at the beginning of the play, the servants from the Capulet and the
Montague households speak about "biting thumbs." This gesture has more meaning than the
action of biting a thumb. It is a rude gesture to bite one's thumb at someone
else.

What is the significance of what Cherry and Ponyboy say about the sunset in The Outsiders?

Ponyboy expresses clearly his observations on their discussion of the sunset.

"It seemed funny to me that the sunset she saw from her patio and the one I saw from the back steps was the same one. Maybe the two different worlds we lived in weren't so different. We saw the same sunset."

Cherry and Ponyboy have an obvious and instant attraction despite the complex difficulties of their affiliations to the Soc's and the greasers. They are able to share personal observations on their lives and the restrictions they face despite their problems being so diverse. The significance of their discussion of the sunset is that firstly they realize that there are things bigger than the petty disputes which their lifestyles force them to be caught up in. Also, the sunset is a way in which despite the polar opposites of their existence, they do have some commonality as part of the bigger picture, and that both gangs exist under the same sun, in the same world, however different their respective parts are.