I would say that the most important function of groups in
a society is to provide their members with a sense of belonging. This allows people to
feel connected to one another and helps society cohere.
One
clear example of a group is a family. Familes are influenced mainly by the norms that
are set by the family leaders (parents or grandparents, usually). Sanctions vary, but
they are meant to keep the younger members (usually) from behaving in ways that are
unacceptable to the family.
Less intimate groups, such as
companies, have norms and sanctions as well. Management can sanction workers for
failing to live up to the firm's norms. This can take the form, for example, of
suspending a worker for breaking rules.
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