In The Catcher in the Rye, the
American Dream of the 1950s was reserved mainly, if not exclusively, for males. All of
Holden's prep school classmates are males--they are the elite who are going to be heads
of industry; all his teachers are males; the headmaster is male. Holden's father works;
his brother works; his mom stays home; his sister stays home (doesn't go off to prep
school).
There are dozens of females in the novel: the
nuns, Morrow's mother, Jane, the girls in the bar. None of them work. They are the
objects of/for men. Jane and Pheobe are raised to be housewives, domestic servants who
wait hand and foot at home on males, the traditional family breadwinners. The only
working woman in the novel, ironically, is a girl--Sonny, the prostitute, who is
obviously controlled by a man, Maurice, her pimp.
Holden
fears Jane and Pheobe will fall prey to men as well. He hates that Stradlater is dating
Jane; he hates that the word "FU*K" is written on the wall for Pheobe to see. In this
way he wants to be a catcher in the rye: to protect children, namely girls, from sexual
objectification and manipulation. The thing is, he's not very good at it. He knows
he's fighting a losing battle. He knows the average male, like himself, is obsessed
with sex.
So, it is clear: males are meant to be out in the
world, making and spending money; women are passive, domestic objects of male
pre-occupation, namely sex. In this way, the novel reflects a conservative, sexist
America. Catcher in the Rye is pre-feminist in its depiction of
gender roles and the American dream: it does not anticipate or call for the sexual
revolution and the blurring of gender roles.
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