What problems were created by the fall of communism? What would have made the transition easier?

I assume you are talking about the Soviet Union and other countries in Eastern Europe.

There were a couple of major problems.  First, the fall of communism led to things like the rise of organized crime and of authoritarian government in Russia.  As the economy was privatized, the people most able to help it run relatively smoothly were the mafia who had some experience of running businesses on their own.

Second, the fall of communism led to authoritarian rulers like Putin instead of to democracy.  This is, presumably, because the people wanted some sort of order even at the price of freedom.

I don't know if the transition could have been made easier.  You would think it would have to have been much slower and more gradual and I do not know if the people would have tolerated that.