Another name for the hepatic portal system is the portal venous system. The purpose of hepatic portal circulation is to deliver blood from some parts of the gastrointestinal tract to the liver. In other words, blood is drained from the digestive organs (and the spleen, gall bladder, and pancreas) and the blood is then delivered to the liver. The vein that is used for this process is the hepatic portal vein.
The hepatic portal vein also transports other things to the liver as well. It transports absorbed nutrients, white blood cells from the spleen, poisonous substances that were absorbed in the intestines, and waste products.
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