a. Mass extinctions have drastic effects on
biodiversity. Wiping out populations of organisms can result in reduced competition for
other species, increased resources and completely different environments which foster
different adaptations.
b. Biodiversity has drastically
changed since the origin of life. The initial organism began as a prokaryote (single
celled organism with out membrane bound organelles). Today, there are plants, animals,
prokaryotes, fungi, etc. Biodiversity refers to the variety and variation between the
numerous species on earth. In the initial phases of Earth's biological development
organisms were simple and lacked diversity. today organisms are complex and there are
billions of species throughout the planet.
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