Discuss how the form of the fairy tale/folk tale serves as the predecessor for the short story.Are there any suggestions for my essay? A fairy tale...

The form of the fairy tale has several characteristics that may be considered predecessors of the short story. First, while the characters in fairy tales don't need developing because good conquers evil and things go on "happily ever after," they do need to go through a transformation through which the problem of the tale is resolved: Snow White becomes a princess, the Little Mermaid sacrifices herself, etc. Short stories take this idea of transformation in a different direction and require character development of some sort, often in the form of an epiphany as with Tolstoy's short stories, but perhaps in the form of the revelation of a dark secret as in Poe's short stories.

Second, both plots have to be driven by solving some problem. In fairy tales, the problems are often situational (e.g., how to get to the ball), but in short stories they may range from situational to psychological problems. In each, there must be a resolution of the problem and its conflict. Third, the setting is integral to both forms of story. In fairy tales, the setting must be some unspecified time and place (e.g., "Somewhere long, long ago...," "Once upon a time is a strange land..."). On the other hand, but equally importantly, the setting of the short story is critical to the story and another setting may make the story meaningless; think, for example, of Faulkner's short stories.

I take it that your pasted in writing sample is the Introduction to an academic essay. If so, you have a splendid start at an essay. Your Introduction identifies the topic and sets it in a broader academic field. You give excellent background information. and you write with excellent academic style. I'd make two suggestions. (1) Remove the last sentence as it is redundant and obscures your Thesis, which I take to be the sentence before the last. (2) Introductions are normally 5 -7 percent of your essay total. How long will your essay be? 2000 words? With the ultimate length in mind, is this Introduction too long? If so, move an appropriate amount of material to a second paragraph.

If, on the other hand, this is your whole written answer to a topic, I still think you have done well and that you should remove the redundant last sentence. Also, a word is omitted here (perhaps "mark"?): "make them similar and mark fairy tales as predecessor to short stories." Also, do you mean to say "folklore tale" in your first line?