I think there are several differences between written and spoken English. To categorize it, I suppose it could be said that written English is more formal (usually) and spoken English allows for accent and dialect differences.
Here is an example of an acceptable spoken sentence:
The musician didn't want their song to be released until the end of June in order to boost sales just before the big tour.
However - in writing this would be wrong. The correct way to write it is: The musician didn't want his (or her) song released until...
Note: One singular musician cannot be represented by the plural possessive pronoun "their" - but MLA has said this is acceptable when speaking. We do it all the time because using "his or her" verbally is muddy - also when speaking we often want to keep a person's identity hidden so we use "their" instead of revealing whether we're talking about a male or female.
Other accent/dialect examples:
Y'all in the south = you guys in the north. Waiters and waitresses swear though, that referring to a table of both men and women as "you guys" often results in a lower tip. On the other hand, not many people say, you all. Again - slow, awkward, muddy. And certainly it isn't proper English to write y'all. In fact, my southern friends do it on Facebook all the time and spell it wrong: ya'll - making it worse: "ya all." Aweful.
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