Monday, August 25, 2014

In "Rappaccini's Daughter" by Nathaniel Hawthorne, what is the story saying about the ethics of scientific research?

Dr. Rappacini is not unlike Hawthorne's character of Roger Chillingworth of The Scarlet Letter, also sickly and sallow looking, and a man who seeks to possess the soul of another:  "He will be mine," he tells Hester Prynne when he first comes to see her in prison. Like Claude Frollo of Victor Hugo's Notre Dame de Paris (Americans call it The Hunchback of Notre Dame)--another work from the Romantic Period--who is likened to the fly caught in a web as he delves deeper and deeper into alchemy, both Rappaccini and Chillingworth cross through into a world that diminshes their humanity as they become obsessed with their science and are caught in its web.


As an allegory, "Rapaccini's Daughter" has characters who act as symbols of a type of people, with events that are extended metaphors for abstract ideas.  Thus, as an allegory, Hawthorne's story definitely has a moral tone, much like other narratives of Nathaniel Hawthorne.  Throughout this story, for instance, the allusion to the Garden of Eden is made.  That Beatrice is alluring sexually and represents for Giovanni an Eve as a temptress is apparent; however, she is not evil.  Rather, she is a victim of her father's immoral experiment, just as Giovanni falls victim, as well.  The dark, sickly Dr. Rappicini acts counter to humanity in his scientific altering of his daughter, which has taken from her certain human qualities.  Not unlike Victor Frankenstein, Rappicini overreaches his bounds in his experiments in science.   There is something unnatural is what he has done, just as it is wrong for Frankenstein to have created his creature.


Much concerned with the moral aspect of things, Hawthorne, as a Romantic writer and the descendent of Puritans, includes much that is moral in his works.  In "Rapaccini's Daughter," Dr. Rappaccini represents the evil experimenter absorbed in his science to the detriment of his family.  He furthers the theme of Science vs. Nature, a issue of paramount importance in the discourse of nineteenth-century Romanticism  that questioned the problems arising from technology.  It is, then, not presumptuous for people to view this story as one that carries a moral.


Since Hawthorne is a writer from the Romantic Period any discussion of his allegory must include the morality of Dr. Rappaccini's experimental treatment of his own daughter,stepping out of the bounds of what is man's realm. That Rappacini loses her because of  his rival, Dr. Baglioni, is clearly an indictment against science and those who would assume roles that are best left to the Creator.

No comments:

Post a Comment

How far is Iago justified in hating Othello?

Iago hates Othello for some of reasons. First reason could be that Othello promoted Cassio in his place; however, Iago wants it and he cosid...